If it is objected: If the true believer is one who performs the obligations and avoids what is forbidden, Allah has said:

“Those are the believers in truth,”

although He mentioned only five things. Likewise, He says in another verse:

“The believers are only those who believe in Allah and His Messenger, then do not doubt, and strive with their wealth and their lives in Allah’s cause. It is they who are truthful.”

Likewise, He says:

“Indeed, those who ask your permission are the ones who believe in Allah and His Messenger.”

There are two answers to this:

(First): What He mentions may entail what He leaves unmentioned. He mentions their hearts trembling when Allah is mentioned, their faith increasing when His verses are recited to them, together with their reliance upon Him and their establishment of prayer as commanded, both inwardly and outwardly, as well as their giving of wealth and benefits. These things therefore entail the rest, for the heart’s trembling when Allah is mentioned entails awe and fear of Him. They have explained wajilat (“trembled”) as meaning “were afraid.” In Ibn Masʿūd’s reading:

“When Allah is mentioned, their hearts are afraid.”

This is correct, for wajal in Arabic means fear. Thus, one speaks of “the flush of embarrassment and the pallor of fear.” Another example is Allah Most High’s saying:

“And those who give what they give while their hearts are fearful because they will return to their Lord.”

ʿĀ’ishah said: “O Messenger of Allah, is this a man who commits fornication and steals, and fears being punished?”

He replied: “No, daughter of al-Siddīq. It is a man who prays, fasts and gives charity, and fears that it will not be accepted from him.”

Al-Suddī said concerning Allah Most High’s words, “Those whose hearts tremble when Allah is mentioned”: “This refers to