Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

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The same applies to “hearing,” “sight,” and “looking.” Allah Most High says:

“Say, ‘Act, for Allah and His Messenger will see your deeds.’”

This concerns the hypocrites. Concerning those who repent, He says:

“Say, ‘Act, for Allah, His Messenger, and the believers will see your deeds.’”

His words, “Allah will see,” indicate that He sees those deeds after this noble verse was revealed. The opponent either denies seeing altogether or affirms an eternal, beginningless seeing.

Likewise, He says:

“Then We made you successors in the land after them, to see how you would act.”

The lām expressing purpose entails that what follows it occurs after the act undertaken for that purpose. Thus, His looking at how they act comes after His making them successors.

Likewise:

“Allah has certainly heard the words of the woman who disputes with you concerning her husband and complains to Allah. And Allah hears your conversation.”

He states that He hears their conversation while she is disputing and complaining to Allah. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said:

“When the imam says, ‘Allah hears whoever praises Him,’ say, ‘Our Lord, to You belongs all praise,’ and Allah will hear you.”

He thus made His hearing us a recompense and response to praise, so it comes after the praise. Here, hearing includes not only hearing the words but also accepting and answering them. This includes the words of Allah’s intimate friend:

“Indeed, my Lord is the Hearer of supplication.”

Likewise, He says:

“Allah has certainly heard the words of those who said, ‘Allah is poor, while we are rich.’”

And He said to Moses:

“Indeed, I am with you both; I hear and see.”

فَصْلٌ: وَكَذَلِكَ " السَّمْعُ " وَ " الْبَصَرُ " " وَالنَّظَرُ " . قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {وَقُلِ اعْمَلُوا فَسَيَرَى اللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمْ وَرَسُولُهُ} هَذَا فِي حَقِّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَقَالَ فِي حَقِّ التَّائِبِينَ: {وَقُلِ اعْمَلُوا فَسَيَرَى اللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمْ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ} وَقَوْلُهُ {فَسَيَرَى اللَّهُ} دَلِيلٌ عَلَى أَنَّهُ يَرَاهَا بَعْدَ نُزُولِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ الْكَرِيمَةِ وَالْمُنَازِعُ إمَّا أَنْ يَنْفِيَ الرُّؤْيَةَ؛ وَإِمَّا أَنْ يُثْبِتَ رُؤْيَةً قَدِيمَةً أَزَلِيَّةً. وَكَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ {ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكُمْ خَلَائِفَ فِي الْأَرْضِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ لِنَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ} وَلَامُ كَيْ تَقْتَضِيَ أَنَّ مَا بَعْدَهَا مُتَأَخِّرٌ عَنْ الْمَعْلُولِ فَنَظَرُهُ كَيْفَ يَعْمَلُونَ هُوَ بَعْدَ جَعْلِهِمْ خَلَائِفَ. وَكَذَلِكَ {قَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّتِي تُجَادِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَا وَتَشْتَكِي إلَى اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ يَسْمَعُ تَحَاوُرَكُمَا} أَخْبَرَ أَنَّهُ يَسْمَعُ تَحَاوُرَهُمَا حِينَ كَانَتْ تُجَادِلُ وَتَشْتَكِي إلَى اللَّهِ وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " {إذَا قَالَ الْإِمَامُ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا رَبَّنَا وَلَك الْحَمْدُ يَسْمَعْ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ} " فَجَعَلَ سَمْعَهُ لَنَا جَزَاءً وَجَوَابًا لِلْحَمْدِ فَيَكُونُ ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ الْحَمْدِ وَالسَّمْعُ يَتَضَمَّنُ مَعَ سَمْعِ الْقَوْلِ قَبُولَهُ وَإِجَابَتَهُ وَمِنْهُ قَوْلُ الْخَلِيلِ {إنَّ رَبِّي لَسَمِيعُ الدُّعَاءِ} . وَكَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: {لَقَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إنَّ اللَّهَ فَقِيرٌ وَنَحْنُ أَغْنِيَاءُ} وَقَوْلُهُ لِمُوسَى: {إنَّنِي مَعَكُمَا أَسْمَعُ وَأَرَى} .

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