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As for his statement:

“Amazement means regarding its object as something momentous,”

The response is: Yes. It may be accompanied by ignorance of the cause of what occasions the amazement, or it may arise because something stands apart from comparable things. Allah Most High knows all things, so He cannot be unaware of the cause of that at which He marvels. Rather, He marvels because it stands apart from comparable things, regarding it as momentous. Allah Most High regards as great that which is great, whether because of the greatness of its cause or its own greatness. He has described certain good things as great, and certain evils as great. Thus, He Most High says:

“Lord of the mighty Throne.”

And He says:

“We have certainly given you the seven oft-repeated verses and the mighty Quran.”

And He says:

“Had they done what they were admonished to do, it would have been better for them and would have strengthened them more firmly.”

“And then We would have granted them from Us a great reward.”

And He says:

“Why, when you heard it, did you not say, ‘It is not for us to speak of this. Glory be to You! This is a tremendous slander’?”

And He says:

“Indeed, associating partners with Allah is a tremendous wrong.”

Hence His words:

“Rather, I marvel, while they mock,”

according to the reading with a u-vowel. Here, He marvels at their disbelief despite the clarity of the evidence.