Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

Allah will come on the Day of Resurrection, with the angels in rows, to bring the nations to account and have them presented before Him, as He wills and in whatever manner He wills. The Most High says:

‘Are they waiting for anything but for Allah to come to them in canopies of clouds, together with the angels, and for the matter to be decided?’

And the Most High says:

‘And your Lord comes, with the angels in rows.’”

He said: “They also unanimously agreed that Allah descends every night to the lowest heaven, as the transmitted reports state, in whatever manner He wills, without assigning any limits in this regard.” He then narrated through his chain of transmission from Muhammad ibn Waddāh, who said: “I also asked Yahyā ibn Ma‘īn about the descent, and he replied: ‘Yes, I affirm it, without assigning any limit to it.’”

(The third position is to refrain from either denial or affirmation. This is the position preferred by many hadith scholars, jurists, and Sufis, such as Ibn Batta and others. Some of them turn their minds away from considering either possibility, while others incline inwardly toward one of them but express neither denial nor affirmation. What must be held with certainty is that nothing is like Allah in any of the attributes with which He describes Himself.

Anyone who attributes to Him, in any respect, attributes like those of created beings is certainly mistaken. An example is someone who says that He descends, moving and changing location as a person descends from the roof to the lower part of a house—as in the assertion that the Throne is left without Him, so that His descent consists of vacating one place and occupying another. This is false, and the Lord must be declared free of it, as explained above.

اللَّهَ يَأْتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ صَفًّا صَفًّا لِحِسَابِ الْأُمَمِ وَعَرْضِهَا كَمَا يَشَاءُ وَكَيْفَ يَشَاءُ قَالَ تَعَالَى: {هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي ظُلَلٍ مِنَ الْغَمَامِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ وَقُضِيَ الْأَمْرُ} وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَجَاءَ رَبُّكَ وَالْمَلَكُ صَفًّا صَفًّا} . قَالَ: وَأَجْمَعُوا عَلَى أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَنْزِلُ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ إلَى سَمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا عَلَى مَا أَتَتْ بِهِ الْآثَارُ كَيْفَ شَاءَ لَا يَحُدُّونَ فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ رَوَى بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَضَّاحٍ قَالَ: وَسَأَلْت يَحْيَى بْنَ مَعِينٍ عَنْ النُّزُولِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ. أُقِرُّ بِهِ وَلَا أَحُدُّ فِيهِ حَدًّا. (وَالْقَوْلُ الثَّالِثُ الْإِمْسَاكُ عَنْ النَّفْيِ وَالْإِثْبَاتِ وَهُوَ اخْتِيَارُ كَثِيرٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ وَالْفُقَهَاءِ وَالصُّوفِيَّةِ - كَابْنِ بَطَّةَ وَغَيْرِهِ. وَهَؤُلَاءِ فِيهِمْ مَنْ يُعْرِضُ بِقَلْبِهِ عَنْ تَقْدِيرِ أَحَدِ الْأَمْرَيْنِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَمِيلُ بِقَلْبِهِ إلَى أَحَدِهِمَا وَلَكِنْ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُ لَا بِنَفْيٍ وَلَا بِإِثْبَاتِ. وَاَلَّذِي يَجِبُ الْقَطْعُ بِهِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ فِي جَمِيعِ مَا يَصِفُ بِهِ نَفْسَهُ. فَمَنْ وَصَفَهُ بِمِثْلِ صِفَاتِ الْمَخْلُوقِينَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ الْأَشْيَاءِ فَهُوَ مُخْطِئٌ قَطْعًا كَمَنْ قَالَ إنَّهُ يَنْزِلُ فَيَتَحَرَّكُ وَيَنْتَقِلُ كَمَا يَنْزِلُ الْإِنْسَانُ مِنْ السَّطْحِ إلَى أَسْفَلِ الدَّارِ كَقَوْلِ مَنْ يَقُولُ: إنَّهُ يَخْلُو مِنْهُ الْعَرْشُ؛ فَيَكُونُ نُزُولُهُ تَفْرِيغًا لِمَكَانِ وَشَغْلًا لِآخَرَ؛ فَهَذَا بَاطِلٌ يَجِبُ تَنْزِيهُ الرَّبِّ عَنْهُ كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ.

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