to the Throne; and that the Throne does not touch Him in any sensory manner, nor has He taken up residence within it. He is not remembered within it through an inward thought; no eye gazes upon Him, nor can He be encompassed and thereby comprehended, for He, exalted is He, is veiled by His power from all His creation. The Throne has no share of Him except like the share of one who knows Him with certainty and experiences what He has enabled him to experience of Him: that Allah is above it, that the Throne rests secure through Him, and that Allah encompasses His Throne, above everything and above the underside of everything. Thus He is above the ‘above,’ beneath the ‘beneath.’ He is not bounded by a ‘beneath’ such that there would be an ‘above’ over Him, for He is the Most High, the Highest. Wherever He may be, no place is devoid of His knowledge and power. He is not bounded by any place; He is neither absent from any place nor located in any place.

‘Below’ pertains to what is lower, and ‘above’ to what is higher. He, glorified is He, is above every ‘above’ in height and above every ‘below’ in exaltedness. He is above the angels of the earth just as He is above the angels of the Throne and all possible places.

His place is His will, and His existence is His power. The Throne, the earth, and everything between them mark the bounds of creation, lower and higher, and are like a mustard seed in His grasp. He is higher than all this, encompassing it all, just as reason cannot comprehend Him and imagination cannot conceive how He is. There is no end to His height, nothing above His exaltedness, and no remoteness in His nearness.”

He went on to say:

“And nothing veils Allah from anything, nor is anything remote from Him. He is near to everything through His attribute, namely power and perception, while things are kept distant by their own attributes: