Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

Section

Some among the Mu‘tazilah, the Jahmiyyah, and the Harūriyyah have said that His words,

“The Most Merciful rose over the Throne,”

mean that He took control, possessed dominion, and subdued, and that He is everywhere. They denied that He is above His Throne, as the people of truth affirm, and interpreted rising over the Throne as referring to power. If matters were as they claimed, there would be no distinction between the Throne and the seventh earth, for Allah has power over all things.”

Further on, he said (they spoke at length on this matter):

“All the imams, in the East and the West, have agreed upon believing in the Quran and the hadiths transmitted by trustworthy narrators from the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—concerning the attributes of the Lord, Mighty and Majestic, without interpretation, description, or likening Him to creation. Whoever today interprets any of this has departed from the way of the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and has separated from the community. They neither described nor interpreted; rather, they affirmed what is in the Book and the Sunnah, then remained silent. Whoever adopts Jahm’s position has separated from the community, for he has described Him as a nonentity.”

فَصْلٌ: وَقَدْ قَالَ قَائِلُونَ مِنْ الْمُعْتَزِلَةِ وَالْجَهْمِيَّة والحرورية: إنَّ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ: {الرَّحْمَنُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوَى} أَنَّهُ اسْتَوْلَى وَمَلَكَ وَقَهَرَ وَأَنَّهُ فِي كُلِّ مَكَانٍ. وَجَحَدُوا أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلَى عَرْشِهِ كَمَا قَالَ أَهْلُ الْحَقِّ وَذَهَبُوا بِالِاسْتِوَاءِ إلَى الْقُدْرَةِ؛ فَلَوْ كَانَ هَذَا كَمَا ذَكَرُوا كَانَ لَا فَرْقَ بَيْنَ الْعَرْشِ وَالْأَرْضِ السَّابِعَةِ؛ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ قَادِرٌ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ. إلَى أَنْ قَالَ - وَأَكْثَرُوا فِي هَذَا - وَقَدْ اتَّفَقَ الْأَئِمَّةُ جَمِيعُهُمْ مِنْ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ عَلَى الْإِيمَانِ بِالْقُرْآنِ: وَالْأَحَادِيثِ الَّتِي جَاءَ بِهَا الثِّقَاتُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي صِفَةِ الرَّبِّ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْ غَيْرِ تَفْسِيرٍ وَلَا وَصْفٍ وَلَا تَشْبِيهٍ فَمَنْ فَسَّرَ الْيَوْمَ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ خَرَجَ عَمَّا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَفَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ؛ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَصِفُوا وَلَمْ يُفَسِّرُوا؛ وَلَكِنْ أَقَرُّوا بِمَا فِي الْكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِ ثُمَّ سَكَتُوا؛ فَمَنْ قَالَ بِقَوْلِ جَهْمٍ فَقَدْ فَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ؛ فَإِنَّهُ وَصَفَهُ بِصِفَةِ لَا شَيْءٍ.

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