Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

We also believe that Allah has permitted earning a livelihood, commerce, and crafts, and has forbidden only fraud and injustice. Whoever declares these means of livelihood forbidden is a misguided innovator who leads others astray. Corruption, injustice, and fraud are not intrinsic to commerce or crafts. Allah and His Messenger have forbidden corruption, not earning a livelihood or commerce; these remain permissible until the Day of Resurrection on the basis of the Quran and Sunnah.

We also believe that Allah does not command people to consume what is lawful and then deny them every means of obtaining it. What He requires of them remains available until the Day of Resurrection. Whoever believes that the earth is devoid of lawful provision and that people conduct all their affairs through what is forbidden is a misguided innovator. Lawful provision may be scarce in one place and abundant in another, but it is not absent from the earth.

We also believe that, when we see someone whose outward conduct is good, we do not suspect his earnings, wealth, or food. It is permissible to eat his food and conduct business with him, and we are not required to investigate what he says. If someone makes inquiries as a precaution, this is permissible—except in the case of someone who associates with oppressors.

As for someone who withdraws from injustice, has acquired wealth wrongfully, and also possesses other wealth, inquiry and caution are called for, just as al-Siddīq questioned his servant. If he possesses other wealth apart from those funds and the two become mixed, the mixture cannot be described categorically as lawful or forbidden; rather, it is doubtful. Whoever makes inquiries safeguards his religion, as al-Siddīq did. Ibn Masʿūd and Salmān permitted eating from it, with responsibility resting upon its owner. People are of differing ranks, and the religion is the upright, tolerant faith.

We also believe that, so long as the rulings of this worldly abode remain applicable to a servant, he is not relieved of

وَمِمَّا نَعْتَقِدُهُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَبَاحَ الْمَكَاسِبَ وَالتِّجَارَاتِ وَالصِّنَاعَاتِ وَإِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ الْغِشَّ وَالظُّلْمَ وَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ بِتَحْرِيمِ تِلْكَ الْمَكَاسِبِ فَهُوَ ضَالٌّ مُضِلٌّ مُبْتَدِعٌ؛ إذْ لَيْسَ الْفَسَادُ وَالظُّلْمُ وَالْغِشُّ مِنْ التِّجَارَاتِ وَالصِّنَاعَاتِ فِي شَيْءٍ إنَّمَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ الْفَسَادَ؛ لَا الْكَسْبَ وَالتِّجَارَاتِ؛ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى أَصْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِ جَائِزٌ إلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَإِنَّ مِمَّا نَعْتَقِدُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَأْمُرُ بِأَكْلِ الْحَلَالِ ثُمَّ يُعْدِمُهُمْ الْوُصُولَ إلَيْهِ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْجِهَاتِ؛ لِأَنَّ مَا طَالَبَهُمْ بِهِ مَوْجُودٌ إلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ؛ وَالْمُعْتَقَدُ أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ تَخْلُو مِنْ الْحَلَالِ وَالنَّاسَ يَتَقَلَّبُونَ فِي الْحَرَامِ؛ فَهُوَ مُبْتَدِعٌ ضَالٌّ إلَّا أَنَّهُ يَقِلُّ فِي مَوْضِعٍ وَيَكْثُرُ فِي مَوْضِعٍ؛ لَا أَنَّهُ مَفْقُودٌ مِنْ الْأَرْضِ. وَمِمَّا نَعْتَقِدُهُ أَنَّا إذَا رَأَيْنَا مَنْ ظَاهِرُهُ جَمِيلٌ لَا نَتَّهِمُهُ فِي مَكْسَبِهِ وَمَالِهِ وَطَعَامِهِ؛ جَائِزٌ أَنْ يُؤْكَلَ طَعَامُهُ وَالْمُعَامَلَةَ فِي تِجَارَتِهِ؛ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْنَا الْكَشْفُ عَمَّا قَالَهُ. فَإِنْ سَأَلَ سَائِلٌ عَلَى سَبِيلِ الِاحْتِيَاطِ؛ جَازَ إلَّا مِنْ دَاخِلِ الظُّلْمَةِ. وَمَنْ يَنْزِعُ عَنْ الظُّلْمِ وَأَخَذَ الْأَمْوَالَ بِالْبَاطِلِ وَمَعَهُ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ: فَالسُّؤَالُ وَالتَّوَقِّي؛ كَمَا سَأَلَ الصِّدِّيقُ غُلَامَهُ؛ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ الْمَالِ سِوَى ذَلِكَ مِمَّا هُوَ خَارِجٌ عَنْ تِلْكَ الْأَمْوَالِ فَاخْتَلَطَا فَلَا يُطْلَقُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَلَالُ وَلَا الْحَرَامُ إلَّا أَنَّهُ مُشْتَبَهٌ؛ فَمَنْ سَأَلَ اسْتَبْرَأَ لِدِينِهِ كَمَا فَعَلَ الصِّدِّيقُ. وَأَجَازَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَسَلْمَانُ الْأَكْلَ مِنْهُ وَعَلَيْهِ التَّبِعَةُ وَالنَّاسُ طَبَقَاتٌ وَالدِّينُ الْحَنِيفِيَّةُ السَّمْحَةُ. وَإِنَّ مِمَّا نَعْتَقِدُ أَنَّ الْعَبْدَ مَا دَامَ أَحْكَامُ الدَّارِ جَارِيَةٌ عَلَيْهِ فَلَا يَسْقُطُ عَنْهُ

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