Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

Al-Bayhaqī and others narrated with an authentic chain of transmission that Abū ‘Ubayd al-Qāsim ibn Sallām said:

“These hadiths which state, ‘Our Lord laughed at His servants’ despair despite the nearness of the change He would bring,’ ‘Hell will not be filled until your Lord places His Foot in it,’ and ‘The Footstool is the place of the two Feet,’ together with the hadiths concerning seeing Allah, are true according to us. Trustworthy narrators transmitted them from one another. However, when asked to interpret them, we do not interpret them, and we never encountered anyone who did so.”

Abū ‘Ubayd was one of the four imams: al-Shāfi‘ī, Ahmad, Ishāq, and Abū ‘Ubayd. His knowledge of jurisprudence, language, and scriptural interpretation is too well known to need describing. He lived at a time when tribulations and deviant doctrines emerged, yet he stated that he had never encountered any scholar who interpreted these reports—that is, in the manner of the Jahmīs.

Al-Lālakā’ī and al-Bayhaqī narrated through their respective chains of transmission that a man said to ‘Abd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak: “Abū ‘Abd al-Rahmān, I dislike descriptions”—meaning descriptions of the Lord.

‘Abd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak replied: “No one dislikes that more than I do. Nevertheless, when the Book states something, we affirm it; and when the transmitted reports convey something, we venture to affirm it”—or words to that effect.

Ibn al-Mubārak meant that we dislike initiating descriptions of Allah on our own authority before they are conveyed by the Book and the transmitted reports.

‘Abd Allāh ibn Ahmad and others narrated through authentic chains of transmission that Ibn al-Mubārak was asked:

وَرَوَى البيهقي وَغَيْرُهُ بِإِسْنَادِ صَحِيحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سلام قَالَ: هَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثُ الَّتِي يَقُولُ فِيهَا {ضَحِكَ رَبُّنَا مِنْ قُنُوطِ عِبَادِهِ وَقُرْبِ غَيْرِهِ} {وَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَا تَمْتَلِئُ حَتَّى يَضَعَ رَبُّك فِيهَا قَدَمَهُ} {وَالْكُرْسِيُّ مَوْضِعُ الْقَدَمَيْنِ} وَهَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثُ فِي " الرُّؤْيَةِ " هِيَ عِنْدَنَا حَقٌّ حَمَلَهَا الثِّقَاتُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ؛ غَيْرَ أَنَّا إذَا سُئِلْنَا عَنْ تَفْسِيرِهَا لَا نُفَسِّرُهَا وَمَا أَدْرَكْنَا أَحَدًا يُفَسِّرُهَا. أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ أَحَدُ الْأَئِمَّةِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ: الَّذِينَ هُمْ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَد وَإِسْحَاقُ وَأَبُو عُبَيْدٍ؛ وَلَهُ مِنْ الْمَعْرِفَةِ بِالْفِقْهِ وَاللُّغَةِ وَالتَّأْوِيلِ: مَا هُوَ أَشْهَرُ مِنْ أَنْ يُوصَفَ وَقَدْ كَانَ فِي الزَّمَانِ الَّذِي ظَهَرَتْ فِيهِ الْفِتَنُ وَالْأَهْوَاءُ وَقَدْ أَخْبَرَ أَنَّهُ مَا أَدْرَكَ أَحَدًا مِنْ الْعُلَمَاءِ يُفَسِّرُهَا: أَيْ تَفْسِيرَ الْجَهْمِيَّة. وَرَوَى اللالكائي وَالْبَيْهَقِي بِإِسْنَادِهِمَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إنِّي أَكْرَهُ الصِّفَةَ - عَنَى صِفَةَ الرَّبِّ - فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: وَأَنَا أَشَدُّ النَّاسِ كَرَاهِيَةً لِذَلِكَ وَلَكِنْ إذَا نَطَقَ الْكِتَابُ بِشَيْءِ قُلْنَا بِهِ وَإِذَا جَاءَتْ الْآثَارُ بِشَيْءِ جَسَرْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَنَحْوُ هَذَا. أَرَادَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: أَنَّا نَكْرَهُ أَنْ نَبْتَدِئَ بِوَصْفِ اللَّهِ مِنْ تِلْقَاءِ أَنْفُسِنَا حَتَّى يَجِيءَ بِهِ الْكِتَابُ وَالْآثَارُ. وَرَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَد وَغَيْرُهُ بِأَسَانِيدَ صِحَاحٍ عَنْ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ أَنَّهُ قِيلَ لَهُ:

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