And further evidence of this is that the Companions mentioned, such as Anas and Abū Barzah, were not in Syria at the time; they were in Iraq. These liars are simply ignorant of the evidence that exposes their lies.

As for his head being taken to Egypt, everyone agrees that this is false. All scholars agree that the shrine in Cairo, Egypt, known as the “Shrine of al-Husayn” is falsely attributed to him: it contains neither al-Husayn’s head nor any part of his remains. It was established only towards the end of the rule of “Banū Ubayd Allah ibn al-Qaddāh,” who ruled Egypt for two hundred years, until their dynasty came to an end in the days of “Nūr al-Dīn Mahmūd.” They claimed to be descendants of Fātimah and thus claimed noble prophetic descent. Scholars of genealogy, however, say that their claimed lineage is not genuine. It is said that their ancestor was the stepson of a noble descendant of al-Husayn, and that this was the basis of their claim to noble descent.

As for their doctrines and beliefs, scholars of the religion of Islam unanimously regarded them as reprehensible. They outwardly professed Shiism, while many of their leading figures and followers secretly adhered to the esoteric Qarmatian doctrine. This is among the vilest doctrines on earth, more corrupt than those of the Jews and Christians. Hence, most of those who joined them were people of concealed unbelief, hypocrisy, and religious innovation: would-be philosophers, antinomians, the Rāfidites, and others like them, whom people of knowledge and faith have no doubt do not belong to the ranks of knowledge and faith.

This “shrine” was thus established in the fifth century through a transfer from Ascalon. Shortly afterwards, the dynasty of those who had introduced it came to an end with the death of al-Ādid, their last ruler.