Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

The second proof:

Allah’s words, recounting what Iblīs said:

“Do You see this one whom You have honored above me?”

This explicitly states that Adam was honored above Iblīs when Iblīs was commanded to prostrate to him.

The third proof:

Allah Most High created Adam with His Hand, as mentioned in the Book and the Sunnah, whereas He created the angels not with His Hand but by His word. This is affirmed by all who profess Islam, Sunnis and adherents of innovation alike—indeed, the People of the Scripture also affirm it. People hold three views concerning Allah’s two Hands.

As for Ahl al-Sunnah, they say:

Allah’s two Hands are two attributes of His Essence. The same principle applies to them as to all His attributes, including His life, knowledge, power, will, and speech. They therefore affirm every attribute with which He has described Himself and with which His prophets have described Him, even when the names of His attributes are shared with the attributes of others.

Likewise, He has names that may also be applied to others, such as compassionate, merciful, knowing, hearing, seeing, forbearing, patient, appreciative, powerful, giver of security, exalted, mighty, and great. Yet any actual resemblance or equivalence is denied, as in His words, Most High:

“There is nothing like Him, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing.”

This verse combines affirmation with declaring Him free of any likeness. The relation of His attributes to Him is like the relation of His creation to Him: one relation and attribution resembles the other. It is in this respect that His names and the names of His attributes are shared with others. Likewise, seeing Him has been compared to seeing the sun and moon—a comparison between the acts of seeing, not between the objects seen. Similarly, He has drawn an analogy between His relationship with His servants, whom He owns, and the relationship of some of His creatures with their slaves. His is the highest description in the heavens. So reflect on

الدَّلِيلُ الثَّانِي: قَوْلُهُ قَصَصًا عَنْ إبْلِيسَ: {أَرَأَيْتَكَ هَذَا الَّذِي كَرَّمْتَ عَلَيَّ} ؟ . فَإِنَّ هَذَا نَصٌّ فِي تَكْرِيمِ آدَمَ عَلَى إبْلِيسَ إذْ أُمِرَ بِالسُّجُودِ لَهُ. الدَّلِيلُ الثَّالِثُ: إنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ آدَمَ بِيَدِهِ كَمَا ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ لَمْ يَخْلُقْهُمْ بِيَدِهِ بَلْ بِكَلِمَتِهِ وَهَذَا يَقُولُهُ جَمِيعُ مَنْ يَدَّعِي الْإِسْلَامَ سُنِّيُّهُمْ وَمُبْتَدِعُهُمْ - بَلْ وَعَلَيْهِ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ فِي يَدَيْ اللَّهِ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَقْوَالٍ: - أَمَّا أَهْلُ السُّنَّةِ فَيَقُولُونَ: يَدَا اللَّهِ صِفَتَانِ مِنْ صِفَاتِ ذَاتِهِ حُكْمُهَا حُكْمُ جَمِيعِ صِفَاتِهِ: مِنْ حَيَاتِهِ وَعِلْمِهِ وَقُدْرَتِهِ وَإِرَادَتِهِ وَكَلَامِهِ. فَيُثْبِتُونَ جَمِيعَ صِفَاتِهِ الَّتِي وَصَفَ بِهَا نَفْسَهُ وَوَصَفَهُ بِهَا أَنْبِيَاؤُهُ وَإِنْ شَارَكَتْ أَسْمَاءُ صِفَاتِهِ أَسْمَاءَ صِفَاتِ غَيْرِهِ. كَمَا أَنَّ لَهُ أَسْمَاءً قَدْ يُسَمَّى بِهَا غَيْرُهُ مِثْلُ: رَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ عَلِيمٌ سَمِيعٌ بَصِيرٌ حَلِيمٌ صَبُورٌ شَكُورٌ قَدِيرٌ مُؤْمِنٌ عَلِيٌّ عَظِيمٌ كَبِيرٌ مَعَ نَفْيِ الْمُشَابَهَةِ فِي الْحَقِيقَةِ وَالْمُمَاثَلَةِ كَمَا فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى {لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ} جَمَعَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ بَيْنَ الْإِثْبَاتِ وَالتَّنْزِيهِ وَنِسْبَةُ صِفَاتِهِ إلَيْهِ كَنِسْبَةِ خَلْقِهِ إلَيْهِ وَالنِّسْبَةُ وَالْإِضَافَةُ تُشَابِهُ النِّسْبَةَ وَالْإِضَافَةَ. وَمِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ جَاءَ الِاشْتِرَاكُ فِي أَسْمَائِهِ وَأَسْمَاءِ صِفَاتِهِ كَمَا شُبِّهَتْ الرُّؤْيَةُ بِرُؤْيَةِ الشَّمْسِ وَالْقَمَرِ تَشْبِيهًا لِلرُّؤْيَةِ لَا لِلْمَرْئِيِّ كَمَا ضَرَبَ مَثَلَهُ مَعَ عِبَادِهِ الْمَمْلُوكِينَ كَمَثَلِ بَعْضِ خَلْقِهِ مَعَ مَمْلُوكِيهِمْ وَلَهُ الْمَثَلُ الْأَعْلَى فِي السَّمَوَاتِ فَتَدَبَّرْ

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