Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He replied, “The expiation for an oath is due,” citing the report from Ā’isha as evidence.

He continued: I also heard Abū Abd Allāh ask about a man who swears to walk to the House of Allah, give his property in charity, or undertake similar oaths. He said, “If he breaks his oath, the expiation for an oath is due. However, I do not urge him to break it so long as he has not already done so.” He was told, “He will not do so.”

Abū Abd Allāh was asked, “Then, if he breaks his oath, does he offer expiation?”

“Yes,” he replied.

He was asked, “Is it not the expiation for an oath?”

“Yes,” he replied.

Al-Athram said: Al-Fadl ibn Dukayn narrated to us, from Hasan, from Ibn Abī Najīh, from Atā’, that Ā’isha said: “Whoever says, ‘My wealth is part of the Kaaba’s inheritance, all my wealth is an offering, and all my wealth is for the poor,’ should offer expiation for his oath.”

Al-Athram also said: Ārim ibn al-Fadl narrated to us: Mu‘tamir ibn Sulaymān narrated to us, saying: My father said: Bakr ibn Abd Allāh narrated to us: Abū Rāfi‘ informed me, saying:

My mistress, Laylā bint al-Ajmā’, declared that every slave she owned would be freed, all her wealth would be an offering, and she would be a Jew and a Christian, “if you do not divorce your wife or separate yourself from her.”

He said: I went to Zaynab, the daughter of Umm Salama. Whenever a woman learned in religion was mentioned in Medina, Zaynab was mentioned. I went to her, and she accompanied me to my mistress. Zaynab said, “Hārūt and Mārūt are in this house!”

She replied, “O Zaynab, may Allah make me your ransom!”

She had declared: “Every slave she owns is free, all her wealth is an offering, and she is a Jew and a Christian.”

Zaynab said, “A Jew and a Christian! Leave the man and his wife alone.”

I then went to Hafsa, the Mother of the Believers. She sent for my mistress, who came to her and said, “O Mother of the Believers, may Allah make me

قَالَ: كَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ وَاحْتَجَّ بِحَدِيثِ عَائِشَةَ. قَالَ: وَسَمِعْت أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَسْأَلُ عَنْ الرَّجُلِ يَحْلِفُ بِالْمَشْيِ إلَى بَيْتِ اللَّهِ أَوْ الصَّدَقَةِ بِالْمُلْكِ أَوْ نَحْوِ هَذِهِ الْأَيْمَانِ فَقَالَ: إذَا حَنِثَ فَكَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ إلَّا أَنِّي لَا أَحْمِلُهُ عَلَى الْحِنْثِ مَا لَمْ يَحْنَثْ قِيلَ لَهُ لَا يَفْعَلُ. قِيلَ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ: فَإِذَا حَنِثَ كَفَرَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قِيلَ لَهُ: أَلَيْسَ كَفَّارَةَ يَمِينٍ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ الْأَثْرَمُ: حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ دكين حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنٌ عَنْ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: مَنْ قَالَ مَالِي فِي مِيرَاثِ الْكَعْبَةِ وَكُلُّ مَالِي فَهُوَ هَدْيٌ وَكُلُّ مَالِي فَهُوَ فِي الْمَسَاكِينِ فَلْيُكَفِّرْ يَمِينَهُ. وَقَالَ الْأَثْرَمُ: حَدَّثَنَا عَارِمُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ حَدَّثَنَا مُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبِي: حَدَّثَنَا بَكْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو رَافِعٍ قَالَ: قَالَتْ مَوْلَاتِي لَيْلَى بِنْتُ الْعَجْمَاءِ كُلُّ مَمْلُوكٍ لَهَا مُحَرَّرٌ وَكُلُّ مَالٍ لَهَا هَدْيٌ وَهِيَ يَهُودِيَّةٌ وَهِيَ نَصْرَانِيَّةٌ إنْ لَمْ تُطَلِّقْ امْرَأَتَك أَوْ تُفَرِّقْ بَيْنَك وَبَيْنَ امْرَأَتِك. قَالَ فَأَتَيْت زَيْنَبَ ابْنَةَ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَكَانَتْ إذَا ذُكِرَتْ امْرَأَةٌ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَقِيهَةٌ ذُكِرَتْ زَيْنَبُ قَالَ: فَأَتَيْتهَا فَجَاءَتْ مَعِي إلَيْهَا فَقَالَتْ: فِي الْبَيْتِ هَارُوتُ وَمَارُوتُ. قَالَتْ يَا زَيْنَبُ جَعَلَنِي اللَّهُ فِدَاك؛ إنَّهَا قَالَتْ: كُلُّ مَمْلُوكٍ لَهَا حُرٌّ وَكُلُّ مَالٍ لَهَا هَدْيٌ وَهِيَ يَهُودِيَّةٌ وَهِيَ نَصْرَانِيَّةٌ فَقَالَتْ: يَهُودِيَّةٌ وَنَصْرَانِيَّةٌ خَلِّي بَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ وَامْرَأَتِهِ فَأَتَيْت حَفْصَةَ أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَأَرْسَلَتْ إلَيْهَا فَأَتَتْهَا فَقَالَتْ يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ جَعَلَنِي اللَّهُ

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