and the harm present in one is present in the other. Allah Most High does not distinguish between like cases; rather, treating them alike accords with justice and clear analogical reasoning. It is therefore evident that every intoxicant is wine and is forbidden. Intoxicating hashish is forbidden, and whoever regards intoxication from it as lawful has disbelieved. Indeed, according to the sounder of the two scholarly opinions, it is ritually impure, like wine. Wine is thus like urine, and hashish like feces.

Shaykh al-Islām Ahmad ibn ‘Abd al-Halīm ibn Taymiyyah said:

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As for the accursed, intoxicating “hashish,” it has the same status as other intoxicants, and whatever of it is intoxicating is forbidden by scholarly consensus. Indeed, anything that deprives a person of reason is forbidden to consume, even if it is not an intoxicant, such as henbane. Consuming an intoxicant incurs the prescribed punishment, whereas consuming a non-intoxicating substance of this kind incurs discretionary punishment.

Even a small quantity of “intoxicating hashish” is forbidden according to the vast majority of scholars, just as small quantities of other intoxicants are forbidden. The Prophet’s statement, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,

“Every intoxicant is wine, and all wine is forbidden,”

applies to everything that intoxicates. It makes no difference whether the intoxicant is eaten or drunk, solid or liquid. Thus, using it as a condiment, as with wine, would be forbidden; and if someone were to liquefy