Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He replied:

If the man who swore the oath believed that he would not break it once his wife had given birth, and she entered on the basis of that belief, then he has not broken his oath. His oath nevertheless remains binding: if the act covered by it is subsequently committed knowingly and deliberately, he breaks his oath. And Allah knows best.

He was asked:

About a man who swore an oath concerning his wife, saying to her, “If you go out while I am away, you are divorced three times.” When he returned from his journey, she said to him, “By Allah, I needed to use the bathhouse and could not bathe at home.”

He replied:

If she believed that these circumstances were not covered by his oath and that she would not be contravening it by doing so, then the man who swore the oath has not broken it.

He—may Allah Most High have mercy on him—was asked:

About a man with two wives whose house was found to be missing a sum of money. He swore, on pain of divorcing his new wife three times, that unless he located the sum missing from his house, he would not allow his first wife to remain in his house. He believed that his first wife had misappropriated the sum concerning which he had sworn the oath.

فَأَجَابَ: إذَا كَانَ الْحَالِفُ قَدْ اعْتَقَدَ أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ إذَا وُلِدَ لَهَا وَلَدٌ لَا حِنْثَ عَلَيْهِ وَدَخَلَتْ بِهَذَا الِاعْتِقَادِ: فَلَا حِنْثَ عَلَيْهِ؛ لَكِنَّ يَمِينَهُ بَاقِيَةٌ فَإِذَا فَعَلَ الْمَحْلُوفَ عَلَيْهِ عَالِمًا عَامِدًا حَنِثَ. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ حَلَفَ عَلَى زَوْجَتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهَا: إنْ خَرَجْت وَأَنَا غَائِبٌ فَأَنْتِ طَالِقٌ ثَلَاثًا؛ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ مِنْ السَّفَرِ قَالَتْ لَهُ: وَاَللَّهِ احْتَجْت إلَى الْحَمَّامِ وَلَمْ أَقْدِرْ لِلْغَسْلِ بِالْبَيْتِ؟ فَأَجَابَ: إنْ كَانَتْ اعْتَقَدَتْ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الصُّورَةَ لَيْسَتْ دَاخِلَةً فِي يَمِينِهِ وَأَنَّهَا لَا تَكُونُ مُخَالِفَةً لِيَمِينِهِ إذَا فَعَلَتْ ذَلِكَ: لَمْ يَحْنَثْ الْحَالِفُ فِي يَمِينِهِ. وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى -: عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَهُ زَوْجَتَانِ فَعُدِمَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ مَبْلَغٌ فَحَلَفَ بِالطَّلَاقِ الثَّلَاثِ مِنْ الْجَدِيدَةِ أَنَّهُ إذَا لَمْ يَطَّلِعْ لِهَذَا الْمَبْلَغِ الَّذِي عُدِمَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ مَا يُخَلِّي الْعَتِيقَةَ فِي بَيْتِهِ وَكَانَ فِي عَقِيدَتِهِ أَنَّ الْعَتِيقَةَ هِيَ الَّتِي خَانَتْ فِي الْمَبْلَغِ الْمَحْلُوفِ عَلَيْهِ؟

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