Majmu' al-Fatawa - Ibn Taimiya - (33/117)

He—may Allah Most High have mercy on him—was asked:

A man said, “Everything I own is forbidden to me.” Do his wife and his female slave thereby become forbidden to him?

He answered:

Regarding anything other than his wife, he must offer expiation for breaking an oath. Regarding his wife, the scholars disagree: does this constitute divorce, or must he offer the expiation for zihār? Mālik’s position is that it constitutes divorce. According to Abū Hanīfa, and according to the stronger of al-Shāfi‘ī’s two opinions, he must offer expiation for breaking an oath. Ahmad’s position is that he must offer the expiation for zihār, unless he intends something else, in which case there is disagreement. The correct view is that no divorce takes effect through this statement.

He—may Allah have mercy on him—was asked:

A man quarreled with his wife and struck her. She said to him, “Divorce me.” He replied, “You are forbidden to me.” Does she thereby become forbidden to him?

He answered:

Regarding his statement, “You are forbidden to me,” the scholars hold two views. One is that he must offer the expiation for zihār if she allows him intimacy with her. The other is that nothing is required of him. The scholars do not disagree that she is obliged to allow him intimacy with her. And Allah knows best.

وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى -: عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ: كُلُّ شَيْءٍ أَمْلِكُهُ عَلَيَّ حَرَامٌ. فَهَلْ تَحْرُمُ امْرَأَتُهُ وَأَمَتُهُ عَلَيْهِ أَمْ لَا؟ فَأَجَابَ: أَمَّا غَيْرُ الزَّوْجَةِ فَعَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ. وَأَمَّا الزَّوْجَةُ فَلِلْعُلَمَاءِ فِيهَا نِزَاعٌ. هَلْ تَطْلُقُ؟ أَوْ تَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةُ ظِهَارٍ؟ فَمَذْهَبُ مَالِكٍ. هُوَ طَلَاقٌ. وَمَذْهَبُ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ فِي أَظْهَرِ قَوْلَيْهِ: عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ. وَمَذْهَبُ أَحْمَد عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةُ ظِهَارٍ؛ إلَّا أَنْ يَنْوِيَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَفِيهِ نِزَاعٌ. وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَقَعُ بِهِ طَلَاقٌ. وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: عَنْ رَجُلٍ خَاصَمَ زَوْجَتَهُ وَضَرَبَهَا فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: طَلِّقْنِي. فَقَالَ: أَنْتِ عَلَيَّ حَرَامٌ: فَهَلْ تَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ أَمْ لَا؟ فَأَجَابَ: أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: أَنْتِ عَلَيَّ حَرَامٌ فَفِيهِ قَوْلَانِ لِلْعُلَمَاءِ. قِيلَ: عَلَيْهِ كَفَّارَةُ الظِّهَارِ إذَا أَمْكَنَتْهُ مِنْ نَفْسِهَا. وَقِيلَ: لَا شَيْءَ عَلَيْهِ. وَلَا خِلَافَ بَيْنِ الْعُلَمَاءِ أَنَّهُ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهَا أَنْ تُمَكِّنَهُ. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.