“a thousand times,” or similar expressions—scholars, both earlier and later, hold three views on this, whether or not the marriage has been consummated. Some early scholars distinguished between consummated and unconsummated marriages. There is also a fourth view, which is a later innovation.

The first view is that such a divorce is permissible and takes effect. This is the view of al-Shāfiʿī and the earlier position reported from Ahmad, which al-Khiraqī adopted.

The second view is that such a divorce is prohibited but takes effect. This is the view of Mālik and Abū Hanīfah, and the later position reported from Ahmad, which most scholars of his school adopted. This view is transmitted from many early scholars among the Companions and Successors, while the preceding view is transmitted from some of them.

The third view is that it is prohibited, but only a single divorce takes effect. This view is transmitted from a number of earlier and later scholars, including Companions of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, such as al-Zubayr ibn al-ʿAwwām and ʿAbd al-Rahmān ibn ʿAwf. Both views are reported from ʿAlī, Ibn Masʿūd, and Ibn ʿAbbās. It is also the view of many Successors and those who came after them, such as Tāwūs, Khilās ibn ʿAmr, and Muhammad ibn Ishāq, as well as Dāwūd and most of his followers. It is also reported from Abū Jaʿfar Muhammad ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Husayn and his son Jaʿfar ibn Muhammad; this is why some of the Shia adopted it. It is also the view of some followers of Abū Hanīfah, Mālik, and Ahmad ibn Hanbal.