Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

settled with her in a place where he subjected her to severe beatings. He then took her away on a journey; they subsequently returned with her, and he prevented her family from visiting her while continuing to beat her. Is it permissible for her to remain with him under these circumstances?

He replied:

If the situation is as described, it is not permissible to allow her to remain with him under these circumstances. Rather, if he cannot live with her in kindness, they must be separated. He has no right to have intercourse with her in a way that harms her. Indeed, if he does not refrain from abusing her, they must be separated. Allah knows best.

He—may Allah have mercy on him—was also asked:

A man stipulated before witnesses that he would not house his wife in his father’s home. She lived separately for a time, but he is unable to maintain this arrangement. Is he obliged to do so? May she annul the marriage if he wishes to set aside the condition? Must he allow her mother or sister to visit her and stay overnight with her, or not?

He replied:

He is not obliged to do what he is unable to do, particularly if she stipulated her consent to that. Indeed, even if he could provide another dwelling, according to many scholars—including Mālik, one of the two positions in Ahmad’s school, and others—she would be entitled only to what he stipulated for her. How much more so, then, if he is unable? According to these scholars, she has no right to annul the marriage even if he is able. If, however, that dwelling is suitable accommodation for a poor person and he cannot afford any other, she has no right to annul the marriage, without disagreement among the jurists.

He is not obliged to allow either her mother or her sister to enter his home, provided that he treats her kindly. Allah knows best.

سَكَنَ بِهَا فِي مَكَانٍ يَضْرِبُهَا فِيهِ الضَّرْبَ الْمُبَرِّحَ ثُمَّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ سَافَرَ بِهَا ثُمَّ حَضَرَا بِهَا وَمَنَعَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ أَهْلُهَا عَلَيْهَا مَعَ مُدَاوَمَتِهِ عَلَى ضَرْبِهَا: فَهَلْ يَحِلُّ أَنْ تَدُومَ مَعَهُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَالِ؟ فَأَجَابَ: إذَا كَانَ الْأَمْرُ عَلَى مَا ذُكِرَ فَلَا يَحِلُّ إقْرَارُهَا مَعَهُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْحَالَةِ. بَلْ إذَا تَعَذَّرَ أَنْ يُعَاشِرَهَا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا؛ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَطَأَهَا وَطْئًا يَضُرُّ بها؛ بَلْ إذَا لَمْ يَمْتَنِعْ مِنْ الْعُدْوَانِ عَلَيْهَا فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: عَنْ رَجُلٍ شَرَطَ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ بِالشُّهُودِ أَنْ لَا يُسْكِنَهَا فِي مَنْزِلِ أَبِيهِ فَكَانَتْ مُدَّةَ السُّكْنَى مُنْفَرِدَةً وَهُوَ عَاجِزٌ عَنْ ذَلِكَ: فَهَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ؟ وَهَلْ لَهَا أَنْ تَفْسَخَ النِّكَاحَ إذَا أَرَادَ إبْطَالَ الشَّرْطِ؟ وَهَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُمَكِّنَ أُمَّهَا أَوْ أُخْتَهَا مِنْ الدُّخُولِ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمَبِيتِ عِنْدَهَا أَمْ لَا؟ فَأَجَابَ: لَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ مَا هُوَ عَاجِزٌ عَنْهُ؛ لَا سِيَّمَا إذَا شَرَطَتْ الرِّضَا بِذَلِكَ بَلْ إذَا كَانَ قَادِرًا عَلَى مَسْكَنٍ آخَرَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا عِنْدَ كَثِيرٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ - كَمَالِكِ وَأَحَدِ الْقَوْلَيْنِ فِي مَذْهَبِ أَحْمَد وَغَيْرِهِمَا - غَيْرُ مَا شَرَطَ لَهَا فَكَيْفَ إذَا كَانَ عَاجِزًا؟ وَلَيْسَ لَهَا أَنْ تَفْسَخَ النِّكَاحَ عِنْدَ هَؤُلَاءِ وَإِنْ كَانَ قَادِرًا. فَأَمَّا إذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ السَّكَنُ يَصْلُحُ لِسُكْنَى الْفَقِيرِ وَهُوَ عَاجِزٌ عَنْ غَيْرِهِ فَلَيْسَ لَهَا أَنْ تَفْسَخَ بِلَا نِزَاعٍ بَيْنَ الْفُقَهَاءِ. وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُمَكِّنَ مِنْ الدُّخُولِ إلَى مَنْزِلِهِ: لَا أُمَّهَا وَلَا أُخْتَهَا: إذَا كَانَ مُعَاشِرًا لَهَا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.

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