Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He—may Allah Most High have mercy on him—was asked:

About a woman who died, leaving both parents, a husband, four sons and a daughter. The husband said to a group of witnesses: “Bear witness that my share—namely, six shares—is for my wife’s parents and her aforementioned children, according to their prescribed shares under Islamic law.” What portion does each of them receive?

He replied:

If he has transferred ownership of his portion, consisting of six shares, to the other heirs according to their prescribed shares under Islamic law, the remaining eighteen shares being allocated as eight shares to the parents and ten to the children, then those six shares are redistributed proportionately over these eighteen shares. The whole is thus divided among them into eighteen shares, just as the surplus remaining after the prescribed shares is redistributed among their recipients, according to those who uphold such redistribution. The heir’s portion that he has assigned to them is treated like a surplus redistributed among them.

He was asked:

About a woman who died, leaving a husband, a grandmother, full siblings and a son: what is each entitled to inherit?

He replied:

The husband receives one-quarter, the grandmother one-sixth, and the son the remainder. The siblings receive nothing, by agreement of the imams.

وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى -: عَنْ امْرَأَةٍ مَاتَتْ: عَنْ أَبَوَيْنِ وَزَوْجٍ؛ وَأَرْبَعَةِ أَوْلَادٍ ذُكُورٍ وَأُنْثَى. فَقَالَ الزَّوْجُ لِجَمَاعَةِ شُهُودٍ: اشْهَدُوا. عَلَى أَنَّ نَصِيبِي - هُوَ سِتَّةٌ - لِأَبَوَيْ زَوْجَتِي؛ وَأَوْلَادِهَا الْمَذْكُورَيْنِ بِالْفَرِيضَةِ الشَّرْعِيَّةِ فَمَا خُصَّ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ؟ فَأَجَابَ: إذَا كَانَ قَدْ مَلَّكَهُ نَصِيبَهُ الَّذِي هُوَ سِتَّةُ أَسْهُمٍ لِسَائِرِ الْوَرَثَةِ عَلَى الْفَرِيضَةِ الشَّرْعِيَّةِ وَالْبَاقِي ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ سَهْمًا: لِلْأَبَوَيْنِ ثَمَانِيَةُ أَسْهُمٍ وَأَوْلَادِهِ عَشَرَةُ أَسْهُمٍ فَتُرَدُّ تِلْكَ السِّتَّةُ عَلَى هَذِهِ الثَّمَانِيَةِ عَشَرَ سَهْمًا وَيُقَسَّمُ الْجَمِيعُ. بَيْنَهُمْ عَلَى ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ سَهْمًا كَمَا يُرَدُّ الْفَاضِلُ عَنْ ذَوِي السِّهَامِ بَيْنَهُمْ عِنْدَ مَنْ يَقُولُ بِالرَّدِّ فَإِنَّ نَصِيبَ الْوَارِثِ جَعَلَهُ لَهُمْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ النَّصِيبِ الْمَرْدُودِ بَيْنَهُمْ. وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ امْرَأَةٍ مَاتَتْ وَلَهَا زَوْجٌ وَجَدَّةٌ وَإِخْوَةٌ أَشِقَّاءُ؛ وَابْنٌ: فَمَا يَسْتَحِقُّ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ الْمِيرَاثِ؟ فَأَجَابَ: لِلزَّوْجِ الرُّبُعُ وَلِلْجَدَّةِ السُّدُسُ وَلِلِابْنِ الْبَاقِي وَلَا شَيْءَ لِلْإِخْوَةِ بِاتِّفَاقِ الْأَئِمَّةِ.

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