Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He was asked—may Allah have mercy on him:

Concerning a woman who, five days before her death, made bequests for several purposes, including Hajj, Quran recitation, and charity: must her will be carried out?

He replied:

If she directed that money be taken from one-third of her estate and spent on an act of devotion and obedience to Allah, her will must be carried out, even if she made it during her final illness. If, however, the amount bequeathed exceeds one-third, the excess is subject to the heirs’ approval: if they approve it, it is valid; otherwise, it is void. If she made a bequest for a purpose other than obedience to Allah, that bequest is not to be carried out.

He was asked:

Concerning a man who, at the time of his death, instructed his wife not to give any worldly possessions to someone who would recite the Quran and dedicate its reward to him. He claimed that he knew enough of the Quran by heart to suffice him, although his wife had not known that he had memorized the Quran. Was he right to give these instructions?

The wife, to whom he entrusted these instructions, intends to give something as a gift to a deserving person to assist him, and for him to recite a portion of the Quran and dedicate its reward to her deceased husband. May she be permitted to do this?

وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: عَنْ امْرَأَةٍ أَوْصَتْ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهَا بِخَمْسَةِ أَيَّامٍ بِأَشْيَاءَ: مِنْ حَجٍّ وَقِرَاءَةٍ وَصَدَقَةٍ: فَهَلْ تُنَفَّذُ الْوَصِيَّةُ؟ فَأَجَابَ: إذَا أَوْصَتْ بِأَنْ يُخْرِجَ مِنْ ثُلُثِ مَالِهَا مَا يُصْرَفُ فِي قُرْبَةٍ لِلَّهِ وَطَاعَتِهِ وَجَبَ تَنْفِيذُ وَصِيَّتِهَا؛ وَإِنْ كَانَ فِي مَرَضِ الْمَوْتِ. وَأَمَّا إنْ كَانَ الْمُوصَى بِهِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ الثُّلُثِ كَانَ الزَّائِدُ مَوْقُوفًا فَإِنْ أَجَازَهُ الْوَرَثَةُ جَازَ وَإِلَّا بَطَلَ. وَإِنْ وَصَّتْ بِشَيْءِ فِي غَيْرِ طَاعَةٍ لَمْ تُنَفَّذْ وَصِيَّتُهَا. وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى زَوْجَتَهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ أَنَّهَا لَا تَهَبُ شَيْئًا مِنْ مَتَاعِ الدُّنْيَا لِمَنْ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَيَهْدِي لَهُ وَقَدْ ادَّعَى أَنَّ فِي صَدْرِهِ قُرْآنًا يَكْفِيه وَلَمْ تَكُنْ زَوْجَتُهُ تَعْلَمُ بِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَحْفَظُ الْقُرْآنَ: فَهَلْ أَصَابَ فِيمَا أَوْصَى؟ وَقَدْ قَصَدَتْ الزَّوْجَةُ الْمُوصَى إلَيْهَا أَنَّهَا تُعْطِي شَيْئًا لِمَنْ يَسْتَحِقُّهُ يَسْتَعِينُ بِهِ عَلَى سَبِيلِ الْهَدِيَّةِ: وَيَقْرَأُ جُزْءًا مِنْ الْقُرْآنِ وَيَهْدِيه لِمَيِّتِهَا: فَهَلْ يُفْسَحُ لَهَا فِي ذَلِكَ؟

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