his father and deprived him of his reason. He then revoked what he had given his son and made it an endowment for his wife, his son, and his daughter, but did not name the son in question. He copied out the endowment deed twice. May he favor his children and exclude this son from everything he inherited from his mother?

He answered:

If the father gave his son something as compensation for what he had taken from him, he may not revoke it; there is no disagreement among the scholars on this. If, however, he gave it to him as charity for Allah’s sake, the scholars hold two views concerning its revocation. The first is that he may not revoke it. The second is that he may revoke it; this is the view of Mālik, al-Shāfiʿī, and Ahmad.

Whenever he revokes a gift or establishes an endowment while deprived of his reason, or enters into a contract in that state, neither his revocation nor his endowment is valid if illness has deprived him of his reason. There is no disagreement among the scholars on this.

He was asked:

A sum of money was stolen from a man, and he suspected that one of his sons had taken it. He then began supplicating against him and shunned him, although the son was innocent and had taken nothing. Will the son be rewarded on account of his father’s supplications against him?

He answered:

Yes. If the son has been wronged, Allah expiates his sins through the wrong he suffers and rewards him for his patience. Whoever wrongfully supplicates against another incurs sin.