Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He—may Allah have mercy on him—was asked:

A man built a wall in a Muslim cemetery, intending to reserve the enclosed area for burying his own dead. Another man claimed that some of his dead lay beneath the wall and within the enclosure. Is he permitted to do this?

He replied:

“He has no right to build a wall in a Muslim cemetery or to reserve any part of it exclusively for himself, to the exclusion of others entitled to use it. Allah knows best.”

He—may Allah have mercy on him—was asked:

Most of a bathhouse is endowed for the poor, the needy, and jurists. A man who owns nearby bathhouses contrived to purchase a share in it, took his share of the lead on hand, and put the bathhouse out of operation, causing harm. Is he obliged to contribute to its upkeep on the same basis as the endowment, or not?

He replied:

“Praise be to Allah. He has no right to deal with the jointly owned bathhouse without the co-owners’ permission, nor does the Lawgiver authorize him to do so. He may not take possession of any part of it without the co-owners’ permission, nor may he divide

وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: عَنْ رَجُلٍ بَنَى حَائِطًا فِي مَقْبَرَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ؛ يَقْصِدُ أَنْ يَحُوزَ نَفْعَهُ لِدَفْنِ مَوْتَاهُ فَادَّعَى رَجُلٌ أَنَّ لَهُ مَوْتَى تَحْتَ الْحَائِطِ وَمَا هُوَ دَاخِلَ الْحَائِطِ: فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ؟ فَأَجَابَ: لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَبْنِيَ عَلَى مَقْبَرَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَائِطًا وَلَا أَنْ يَحْتَجِزَ مِنْ مَقْبَرَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَا يَخْتَصُّ بِهِ دُونَ سَائِرِ الْمُسْتَحِقِّينَ. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: عَنْ حَمَّامٍ أَكْثَرُهَا وَقْفٌ عَلَى الْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْفُقَهَاءِ وَأَنَّ إنْسَانًا لَهُ حَمَّامَاتٌ بِالْقُرْبِ مِنْهَا. وَأَنَّهُ احْتَالَ وَاشْتَرَى مِنْهَا نَصِيبًا وَأَخَذَ الرَّصَاصَ الَّذِي يَخُصُّهُ مِنْ الْحَاصِلِ وَعَطَّلَ الْحَمَّامَ وَضَارَّ: فَهَلْ يَلْزَمُهُ الْعِمَارَةُ أُسْوَةَ الْوَقْفِ أَمْ لَا؟ فَأَجَابَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ، لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَصَرَّفَ فِي الْحَمَّامِ الْمُشْتَرِكَةِ بِغَيْرِ إذْنِ الشُّرَكَاءِ وَلَا بِإِذْنِ الشَّارِعِ وَلَا يَسْتَوْلِي عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْهَا بِغَيْرِ إذْنِ الشُّرَكَاءِ وَلَا يُقَسِّمُ

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