Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

general scope; the question concerns only the nature of that scope. Indeed, our interpretation gives it a broader scope, because each grandchild receives a share both during the lifetime of his paternal uncles and after their death. On the other interpretation, he receives a share only during their lifetime. Wording that includes them in both circumstances is more general than wording that includes them in only one.

Third:

Even supposing that this falls under “conflict between general wording and implied meaning,” the correct position is that an implied meaning of this kind takes precedence over general wording. This is the view of most Mālikī, Shāfiʿī and Hanbalī scholars. Some have even reported a consensus on this among those who recognize implied meaning as evidence, because implied meaning constitutes specific evidence, and specific evidence takes precedence over general evidence. Disagreement over the authority of implied meaning is immaterial here: clear analogy takes precedence over implied meaning, even though those who reject analogy are nearly as numerous as those who reject implied meaning. Likewise, a solitary report can restrict the general scope of the Quran, even though those who reject solitary reports are more numerous than those who reject the general wording of the Quran.

If it is said:

“What you have stated rests on the assumption that the pronoun in his statement, ‘provided that whoever dies,’ refers to everyone previously mentioned. This is not conceded, for some recognized jurists have said: ‘When an exception in the endower’s stipulations follows a series of coordinated clauses …’ (1) If the pronoun refers to the final clause, do the preceding clauses not retain their original ordering?”

(1) A blank in the original.
عُمُومِهِ؛ وَإِنَّمَا الْكَلَامُ فِي صِفَةِ عُمُومِهِ؛ بَلْ مَا حَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَيْهِ أَبْلَغُ فِي عُمُومِهِ لِأَنَّ أَوْلَادَ الْأَوْلَادِ يَأْخُذُ كُلٌّ مِنْهُمْ فِي حَيَاةِ أَعْمَامِهِ وَبَعْدَ مَوْتِهِمْ. وَعَلَى ذَلِكَ التَّقْدِيرِ إنَّمَا يَأْخُذُ فِي حَيَاتِهِمْ فَقَطْ. وَاللَّفْظُ الْمُتَنَاوِلُ لَهُمْ فِي حَالَيْنِ أَعَمُّ مِنْ الْمُتَنَاوِلِ لَهُمْ فِي أَحَدِهِمَا. الثَّالِثُ: لَوْ فُرِضَ أَنَّ هَذَا مِنْ " بَابِ تَعَارُضِ الْعُمُومِ وَالْمَفْهُومِ " فَالصَّوَابُ أَنَّ مِثْلَ هَذَا الْمَفْهُومِ يُقَدَّمُ عَلَى الْعُمُومِ كَمَا هُوَ قَوْلُ أَكْثَرِ الْمَالِكِيَّةِ وَالشَّافِعِيَّةِ وَالْحَنْبَلِيَّةِ وَقَدْ حَكَاهُ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ إجْمَاعًا مِنْ الْقَائِلِينَ بِالْمَفْهُومِ؛ لِأَنَّ الْمَفْهُومَ دَلِيلٌ خَاصٌّ وَالدَّلِيلُ الْخَاصُّ مُقَدَّمٌ عَلَى الْعَامِّ. وَلَا عِبْرَةَ بِالْخِلَافِ فِي الْمَفْهُومِ؛ فَإِنَّ الْقِيَاسَ الْجَلِيَّ مُقَدَّمٌ عَلَى الْمَفْهُومِ؛ مَعَ أَنَّ الْمُخَالِفِينَ فِي الْقِيَاسِ قَرِيبُونَ مِنْ الْمُخَالِفِينَ فِي الْمَفْهُومِ؛ وَخَبَرُ الْوَاحِدِ يَخُصُّ بِهِ عُمُومَ الْكِتَابِ مَعَ أَنَّ الْمُخَالِفِينَ فِي خَبَرِ الْوَاحِدِ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ الْمُخَالِفِينَ عُمُومَ الْكِتَابِ. فَإِنْ قِيلَ: هَذَا الَّذِي ذَكَرْتُمُوهُ مَبْنِيٌّ عَلَى أَنَّ الضَّمِيرَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: عَلَى أَنَّهُ مَنْ مَاتَ. عَائِدٌ إلَى جَمِيعِ مَنْ تَقَدَّمَ؛ وَهَذَا مَمْنُوعٌ؛ فَإِنَّ مِنْ الْفُقَهَاءِ الْمُعْتَبِرِينَ مَنْ قَالَ: إنَّ الِاسْتِثْنَاءَ فِي شُرُوطِ الْوَاقِفِ إذَا تَعَقَّبَ جُمَلًا مَعْطُوفَةً (١) وَإِذَا كَانَ الضَّمِيرُ عَائِدًا إلَى الْجُمْلَةِ الْأَخِيرَةِ فَتَبْقَى الْجُمَلُ الْأُولَى عَلَى تَرْتِيبِهَا؟.
(١) بياض بالأصل

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