grant him the like of what Moses was given? Did they not previously disbelieve in what Moses was given?” up to His words:

“If you are truthful.”

The jinn said:

“We have heard a Book revealed after Moses, confirming what came before it”—the verse.

And He said:

“Is one who stands upon clear evidence from his Lord, with a witness from Him following it, and before it the Book of Moses as a guide and a mercy…”

And He said:

“They did not esteem Allah as He deserves when they said, ‘Allah has revealed nothing to any human being.’ Say, ‘Who revealed the Book that Moses brought as a light and guidance for mankind?’” up to His words:

“And this is a blessed Book which We have revealed, confirming what came before it.”

This, then, is one line of evidence: everyone who knows what Moses and the prophets before and after him brought, and what Muhammad—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—brought, knows with certainty that they all convey information about Allah truthfully, and that any departure from the truth, whether through error or lying, is impossible for them—Allah forbid.

Other lines of evidence are clear and conclusive, and will remain known through widespread transmission until the Hour: the circumstances of the prophets’ followers and of those who denied and disbelieved in them—the circumstances of Noah and his people, Hūd and his people, Sālih and his people, Abraham and his people, Moses and Pharaoh, and Muhammad—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and his people.

Allah has explained this line of evidence in several places in His Book, as in His saying:

“Before them, the people of Noah denied, as did the factions after them,” up to His words:

“Then how was My punishment!”

And He said:

“If they deny you, the people of Noah, ‘Ād and Thamūd likewise denied before them,”

“and the people of Abraham and the people of Lot.”