Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He replied:

Praise be to Allah. In these circumstances, it is not permissible to compel the imam of a mosque to share his appointment, to appoint the two men jointly, or to dismiss him merely on the grounds mentioned—that the other man’s father was the imam. Mosque appointments must be given to those most entitled to them under Islamic law: those most proficient in reciting the Book of Allah, most knowledgeable about the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and having precedence in righteous deeds—for example, by having emigrated earlier or being older. How much more so when the person most entitled to the appointment already holds it! The scholars agree that he may not be dismissed. And Allah knows best.

He was asked:

About a school endowed for jurists and students of jurisprudence of a specified group, to provide them with accommodation and a place to pursue their studies: is accommodation restricted to those receiving stipends? Is it permissible to evict a resident who belongs to the category for which the endowment was established?

He replied:

Accommodation and receipt of a stipend are not restricted to a single individual. It is permissible to reside there without receiving a stipend from the funds, just as it is permissible to receive a stipend without residing there. No member of either category may be deprived of his entitlement without a valid reason under Islamic law—provided the resident is engaged in study—whether or not he attends the lesson.

فَأَجَابَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ. لَا يَجُوز إلْزَامُ إمَامِ مَسْجِدٍ عَلَى الْمُشَارَكَةِ - وَالْحَالَةُ هَذِهِ - وَلَا التَّشْرِيكُ بَيْنَهُمَا؛ أَوْ عَزْلُهُ بِمُجَرَّدِ مَا ذَكَرَ: مِنْ كَوْنِ أَبِيهِ كَانَ هُوَ الْإِمَامَ فَإِنَّ الْمَسَاجِدَ يَجِبُ أَنْ يُوَلَّى فِيهَا الْأَحَقُّ شَرْعًا وَهُوَ الْأَقْرَأُ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ؛ وَالْأَعْلَمُ بِسُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْأَسْبَقُ إلَى الْأَعْمَالِ الصَّالِحَةِ: مِثْلَ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَسْبَقَ هِجْرَةً؛ أَوْ أَقْدَمَ سِنًّا. فَكَيْفَ إذَا كَانَ الْأَحَقُّ هُوَ الْمُتَوَلِّي فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ عَزْلُهُ بِاتِّفَاقِ الْعُلَمَاءِ. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ مَدْرَسَةٍ وُقِفَتْ عَلَى الْفُقَهَاءِ وَالْمُتَفَقِّهَةِ الْفُلَانِيَّةِ بِرَسْمِ سُكْنَاهُمْ وَاشْتِغَالُهُمْ فِيهَا. فَهَلْ تَكُونُ السُّكْنَى مُخْتَصَّةٌ بِالْمُرْتَزِقِينَ؟ وَهَلْ يَجُوزُ إخْرَاجُ أَحَدٍ مِنْ السَّاكِنِينَ مَعَ كَوْنِهِ مِنْ الصِّنْفِ الْمَوْقُوفِ عَلَيْهِ؟ فَأَجَابَ: لَا تَخْتَصُّ السُّكْنَى وَالِارْتِزَاقُ بِشَخْصِ وَاحِدٍ. وَتَجُوزُ السُّكْنَى مِنْ غَيْرِ ارْتِزَاقٍ مِنْ الْمَالِ كَمَا يَجُوزُ الِارْتِزَاقُ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُكْنَى. وَلَا يَجُوزُ قَطْعُ أَحَدِ الصِّنْفَيْنِ إلَّا بِسَبَبِ شَرْعِيٍّ - إذَا كَانَ السَّاكِنُ مُشْتَغِلًا - سَوَاءٌ كَانَ يَحْضُرُ الدَّرْسَ أَمْ لَا.

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