Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He—may Allah have mercy on him—was asked:

Some people hold an endowment established by their forefather more than one hundred and fifty years ago for a shrine attributed to Seth, the founder’s descendants, and the poor, with its administration entrusted to them. The endowment has long been known on this basis. This has been established before the honourable court, and they possess royal decrees dating from the time of Nūr al-Dīn and Saladin that attest to this and order that the endowment be granted exemption and its inviolability respected. The current administrators now seek to spend half its revenue on maintaining the shrine, while taking for themselves the remaining half due to the founder’s descendants, neither giving it to them nor spending it on the endowment’s designated purposes.

He answered:

This is not permissible for the administrator. Nor is it permissible to allow them to spend the endowment’s funds on purposes other than those lawfully designated for it, or to deprive the founder’s heirs and the poor who are included in his stipulations. Rather, his descendants and the poor have a greater claim than the aforementioned shrine to receive what has been stipulated for them. How, then, can they be deprived under these circumstances? Indeed, even if the endowment had been established solely for the shrine, allocating its surplus to them when they are in need would take precedence over allocating it to others.

وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: عَنْ قَوْمٍ بِيَدِهِمْ وَقْفٌ مِنْ جَدِّهِمْ مِنْ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ مِائَةٍ وَخَمْسِينَ سَنَةً عَلَى مَشْهَدٍ مُضَافٍ إلَى شيث وَعَلَى ذُرِّيَّةِ الْوَاقِفِ وَالْفُقَرَاءِ وَنَظْرِهِ لَهُمْ وَالْوَقْفُ مَعْرُوفٌ بِذَلِكَ مِنْ الزَّمَانِ الْقَدِيمِ. وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ ذَلِكَ فِي مَجْلِسِ الْحُكْمِ الشَّرِيفِ وَبِيَدِهِمْ مَرَاسِيمُ الْمُلُوكِ مِنْ زَمَانِ نُورِ الدِّينِ وَصَلَاحِ الدِّينِ تَشْهَدُ بِذَلِكَ وَتَأْمُرُ بِإِعْفَاءِ هَذَا الْوَقْفِ وَرِعَايَةِ حُرْمَتِهِ وَقَدْ قَامَ نُظَّارُ هَذَا الْوَقْفِ فِي هَذَا الْوَقْتِ طَلَبُوا أَنْ يُفَرِّقُوا نِصْفَ الْمُغَلِّ فِي عِمَارَةِ الْمَشْهَدِ وَالنِّصْفَ الَّذِي يَبْقَى لِذُرِّيَّتِهِ يَأْخُذُونَهُ لَا يُعْطُونَهُمْ إيَّاهُ وَلَا يَصْرِفُونَهُ فِي مَصَارِفِ الْوَقْفِ؟ . فَأَجَابَ: لَا يَجُوزُ هَذَا لِلنَّاظِرِ وَلَا يَجُوزُ تَمْكِينُهُمْ مِنْ أَنْ يَصْرِفُوا الْوَقْفَ فِي غَيْرِ مَصَارِفِهِ الشَّرْعِيَّةِ وَلَا حِرْمَانُ وَرَثَةِ الْوَاقِفِ وَالْفُقَرَاءِ الدَّاخِلِينَ فِي شَرْطِ الْوَاقِفِ؛ بَلْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ وَالْفُقَرَاءُ أَحَقُّ بِأَنْ يُصْرَفَ إلَيْهِمْ مَا شُرِطَ لَهُمْ مِنْ الْمَشْهَدِ الْمَذْكُورِ؛ فَكَيْفَ يُحْرَمُونَ - وَالْحَالُ هَذِهِ - بَلْ لَوْ كَانَ الْوَقْفُ عَلَى الْمَشْهَدِ وَحْدَهُ لَكَانَ صَرْفُ مَا يَفْضُلُ إلَيْهِمْ مَعَ حَاجَتِهِمْ أَوْلَى مِنْ صَرْفِهِ إلَى غَيْرِهِمْ.

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