Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He—may Allah have mercy on him—was also asked:

Concerning a man who co-owned a property with a witness. His co-owner then sold his share to another witness, ostensibly for a price far above its market value, while the two secretly agreed on the market price in order to defeat the right of pre-emption. Does the right of pre-emption lapse or not?

He replied:

It is unlawful to lie or resort to stratagems to nullify a Muslim’s right. If the co-owner requests it, the buyer must surrender the share subject to pre-emption at the price the two secretly agreed upon. If he denies him this, his religious integrity is called into question. The judge must uphold the right of pre-emption if he ascertains the true facts.

وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَهُ حِصَّةٌ مَعَ شَاهِدٍ ثُمَّ بَاعَ الشَّرِيكُ حِصَّتَهُ لِشَاهِدِ آخَرَ بِزِيَادَةِ كَثِيرَةٍ عَلَى ثَمَنِ الْمِثْلِ فِي الظَّاهِرِ وَتَوَاطَآ بَيْنَهُمَا فِي الْبَاطِنِ عَلَى ثَمَنِ الْمِثْلِ دَفْعًا لِلشُّفْعَةِ. فَهَلْ تَسْقُطُ الشُّفْعَةُ؟ أَمْ لَا؟ . فَأَجَابَ: لَا يَحِلُّ الْكَذِبُ وَالِاحْتِيَالُ عَلَى إسْقَاطِ حَقِّ الْمُسْلِمِ وَيَجِبُ عَلَى الْمُشْتَرِي أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ الشِّقْصَ الْمَشْفُوعَ بِالثَّمَنِ الَّذِي تَرَاضَيَا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْبَاطِنِ إذَا طَلَبَ الشَّرِيكُ ذَلِكَ وَإِنْ مَنَعَهُ ذَلِكَ قُدِحَ فِي دِينِهِ. وَعَلَى الْحَاكِمِ أَنْ يَحْكُمَ بِالشُّفْعَةِ إذَا تَبَيَّنَ حَقِيقَةَ الْأَمْرِ.

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