Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He was asked:

About a man who rented a house, after which a bathhouse was built beside it. Its water breeds mosquitoes, and his wife miscarried because of the smell of its smoke. May he rescind the lease?

He replied:

If the tenant did not know that operating this bathhouse would cause harm that ordinarily diminishes the value of the property’s use, he may rescind the lease. His statement that he did not know is accepted if supported by his oath. And Allah knows best.

He was asked:

About a land grant leased under a registered agreement at three ardabbs and three dirhams per feddan, with cultivation advances to be supplied by the grantee and the oxen supplied by the tenants. Is this permissible or not?

He replied:

If the lessor leases it at the stipulated rental charge whether or not the farmer borrows, and does not seek that charge on account of the advance, this is permissible, since the loan has brought him no benefit. Some scholars, however, have disliked this and considered it a loan that brings a benefit, since the advance enables the farmer to lease the land. But this is a benefit

وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ اسْتَأْجَرَ ثُمَّ أَحْدَثَ بَعْدُ حَمَّامًا بِجَانِبِ الدَّارِ يَحْصُلُ مِنْ الْمَاءِ النَّامُوسُ وَزَوْجَتُهُ أَسْقَطَتْ مِنْ رَائِحَةِ الدُّخَّانِ. فَهَلْ يَفْسَخُ الْإِجَارَةَ؟ . فَأَجَابَ: إذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ الْمُسْتَأْجِرُ يَعْلَمُ بِأَنَّ هَذِهِ الْحَمَّامَ إذَا أُدِيرَ يَحْصُلُ مِنْ إدَارَتِهِ الضَّرَرُ الَّذِي يَنْقُصُ قِيمَةَ الْمَنْفَعَةِ فِي الْعَادَةِ فَلَهُ فَسْخُ الْإِجَارَةِ. وَالْقَوْلُ قَوْلُهُ فِي عَدَمِ الْعِلْمِ مَعَ يَمِينِهِ. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ إقْطَاعٍ مُسَجَّلٍ تَقَاوِيَ عَلَى الْمُقْطَعِ كُلُّ فَدَّانٍ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَرَادِبَ وَثَلَاثَةِ دَرَاهِمَ. وَالْبَقَرُ مِنْ الْمُسْتَأْجِرِينَ. هَلْ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ؟ أَمْ لَا؟ . فَأَجَابَ: إذَا كَانَتْ الضَّرِيبَةُ وَمُؤَجِّرُهَا يُؤَجِّرُهَا بِهَا سَوَاءٌ كَانَ الْفَلَّاحُ يَقْتَرِضُ أَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ. وَلَمْ يُرِدْ الضَّرِيبَةَ لِأَجْلِ الْقُوَّةِ فَهَذَا جَائِزٌ؛ فَإِنَّ الْقَرْضَ لَمْ يَجُرَّ بِهِ مَنْفَعَةً وَإِنْ كَانَ بَعْضُ الْعُلَمَاءِ كَرِهَ ذَلِكَ وَجَعَلَهُ مِنْ الْقَرْضِ الَّذِي يَجُرُّ مَنْفَعَةً؛ إذْ بِالْقُوَّةِ يَسْتَأْجِرُهَا الْفَلَّاحُ لَكِنَّ هَذِهِ مَنْفَعَةٌ

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