Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He was asked:

A man entered into a partnership to cultivate a plot of land, but negligently delayed preparing it beyond the proper time, resulting in a loss of half. Is his partner entitled to compensation for the shortfall caused by his negligence?

He answered:

If a partner has been negligent with his partner’s property—for example, by sowing seed outside its proper season, or in land that does not meet the description they agreed upon, or something similar—the negligent partner is liable. At a minimum, he must restore the equivalent of the original capital. And Allah knows best.

He was asked:

A landowner had grain in his land from the previous year, known as zarīʿ. He engaged a labourer to water it on condition that one-third of the crop be shared between them. What is the ruling on this arrangement?

He answered:

This is a valid arrangement, and the labourer is entitled to the share stipulated for him, provided that the purpose is to obtain the crop through his labour, whether the work required is little or much. And Allah knows best.

وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ شَارَكَ فِي قِطْعَةِ أَرْضٍ لِيَزْرَعَهَا فَأَخَّرَ تَحْضِيرَهَا عَنْ وَقْتِ اسْتِحْقَاقِهِ تَفْرِيطًا مِنْهُ فَنَقَصَتْ بِسَبَبِ ذَلِكَ مِقْدَارَ النِّصْفِ. فَهَلْ لِلشَّرِيكِ النَّقْصُ بِسَبَبِ مَا فَرَّطَ؟ فَأَجَابَ: إذَا كَانَ الشَّرِيكُ قَدْ فَرَّطَ فِي مَالِ شَرِيكِهِ مِثْلَ أَنْ يَبْذُرَهُ فِي غَيْرِ الْوَقْتِ الَّذِي يُبْذَرُ مِثْلُهُ أَوْ فِي أَرْضٍ لَيْسَتْ عَلَى الْوَصْفِ الَّذِي اتَّفَقَا عَلَيْهِ وَنَحْوَ ذَلِكَ. كَانَ مِنْ ضَمَانِ شَرِيكِهِ وَأَقَلُّ مَا عَلَيْهِ مِثْلُ رَأْسِ الْمَالِ. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ عَامِلٍ لِرَبِّ الْأَرْضِ فِيهَا حَبٌّ مِنْ الْعَامِ الْمَاضِي يُسَمَّى الزريع عَامَلَهُ عَلَى سَقْيِهِ عَلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ الثُّلُثُ بَيْنَهُمَا؟ فَأَجَابَ: أَنَّ هَذِهِ مُعَامَلَةٌ صَحِيحَةٌ وَيَسْتَحِقُّ الْعَامِلُ مَا شَرَطَ لَهُ إذَا كَانَ الْمَقْصُودُ حُصُولُ الزَّرْعِ بِعَمَلِهِ سَوَاءٌ كَانَ الْعَمَلُ قَلِيلًا أَوْ كَثِيرًا. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.

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