Majmu' al-Fatawa - Ibn Taimiya - (30/70)

wrongfully, the tenant may recover it from him. The principal’s denial that he appointed him as his agent is not accepted when the latter acts on his behalf as agents do, with his knowledge, and is publicly known as his agent. Even supposing that he had not appointed him as his agent under these circumstances, his negligence and his allowing him to act constitute wrongdoing on his part that entails liability. The second lease, which the principal compelled the second tenant to enter into, is invalid. And Allah knows best.

He—may Allah have mercy on him—was asked:

Some people send others to attend to their affairs and provide them with money for their expenses. Is it lawful for those sent to live on this money and to borrow what they need to cover the remainder of their expenses? Is it permissible to associate with them?

He answered:

If those who sent them provide them with money to spend, that is permissible. Those who sent them must cover their expenses in full as long as they are attending to their affairs. It is permissible to associate with them.

غَصْبًا فَلَهُ اسْتِرْجَاعُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ وَلَا يُقْبَلُ قَوْلُهُ فِي إنْكَارِ الْوَكَالَةِ مَعَ كَوْنِهِ يَتَصَرَّفُ لَهُ تَصَرُّفَ الْوُكَلَاءِ مَعَ عِلْمِهِ بِذَلِكَ وَكَوْنِهِ مَعْرُوفًا بِأَنَّهُ وَكِيلُهُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ حَتَّى لَوْ قُدِّرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُوَكِّلْهُ - وَالْحَالَةُ هَذِهِ - فَتَفْرِيطُهُ وَتَسْلِيطُهُ عُدْوَانٌ مِنْهُ يُوجِبُ الضَّمَانَ. وَالْإِجَارَةُ الثَّانِيَةُ الَّتِي أَكْرَهَ الْمُوَكِّلُ عَلَيْهَا الْمُسْتَأْجِرَ الثَّانِيَ بَاطِلَةٌ. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: عَنْ قَوْمٍ أَرْسَلُوا قَوْمًا فِي مَصَالِحَ لَهُمْ وَيُعْطُونَهُمْ نَفَقَةً. فَهَلْ يَحِلُّ لَهُمْ أَكْلُ ذَلِكَ؟ وَاسْتِدَانَةُ تَمَامِ نَفَقَتِهِمْ وَمُخَالَطَتُهُمْ؟ . فَأَجَابَ: إذَا أَعْطَاهُمْ الَّذِينَ بَعَثُوهُمْ مَا يُنْفِقُونَهُ جَازَ ذَلِكَ وَعَلَيْهِمْ تَمَامُ نَفَقَتِهِمْ مَا دَامُوا فِي حَوَائِجِهِمْ وَيَجُوزُ مُخَالَطَتُهُمْ.