Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He replied:

This is not permissible, because he purchases it for his principal for more than it is worth. When the purchase is based on disclosure of the cost price, the seller adds to the customary profit, thereby deceiving the principal. This applies when there is collusion with the seller, or he is known to do this. If, however, the seller gives him that amount as a gift without his having known about it beforehand, that case is discussed elsewhere.

He was asked:

About an agent who leased out his principal’s land for less than his partnership share?

He replied:

If he leases it out for half the market rent, the agent is liable for the shortfall. Whether the owner may annul the lease is a matter of disagreement among the scholars.

He was asked:

A group of soldiers hired an agent to manage their land grant and instructed him to go out to that land and register leases at its rental value. The agent colluded with his associates and agreed to the farmers’ terms, registering leases below the customary rental value. Are his dealings in matters for which he was not authorized permissible on the strength of the legally valid power of attorney he holds?

فَأَجَابَ: لَا يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ؛ لِأَنَّهُ يَشْتَرِيهَا لِمُوَكِّلِهِ بِأَكْثَرِ مِنْ قِيمَتِهَا فَيَزِيدُ الْبَائِعُ عَلَى الرِّبْحِ الْمُعْتَادِ إذَا اشْتَرَاهَا بِتَخْبِيرِ الثَّمَنِ فَيَكُونُ ذَلِكَ غِشًّا لِمُوَكِّلِهِ. هَذَا إذَا حَصَلَ مُوَاطَأَةً مِنْ الْبَائِعِ أَوْ عُرِفَ بِذَلِكَ. وَأَمَّا لَوْ وَهَبَهُ الْبَائِعُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ شُعُورُهُ. فَهَذِهِ مَذْكُورَةٌ فِي غَيْرِ هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ. وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ وَكِيلٍ آجَرَ أَرْضَ مُوَكِّلِهِ بِنَاقِصِ عَنْ شَرِكَتِهِ؟ فَأَجَابَ: إذَا أَجَّرَهَا بِنِصْفِ أُجْرَةِ الْمِثْلِ كَانَ الْوَكِيلُ ضَامِنًا لِلنَّقْصِ. وَهَلْ لِلْمَالِكِ إبْطَالُ الْإِجَارَةِ؟ فِيهِ نِزَاعٌ بَيْنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ. وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ الْجُنْدِ اسْتَأْجَرُوا وَكِيلًا عَلَى إقْطَاعِهِمْ وَأَمَرُوهُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ إلَى ذَلِكَ الْإِقْطَاعِ. وَيُسَجِّلَ بِالْقَيِّمَةِ فَوَاطَأَ الْوَكِيلُ أَصْحَابَهُ وَوَافَقَ الْمُزَارِعِينَ عَلَى رَأْيِهِمْ وَسَجَّلَ بِدُونِ الْقِيمَةِ الْجَارِي بِهَا الْعَادَةُ فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ تَصَرُّفُهُ فِيمَا لَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لَهُ فِيهِ؛ لِأَجْلِ مَا بِيَدِهِ مِنْ الْوَكَالَة الشَّرْعِيَّةِ؟

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