Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

sold at a grossly inadequate price. If the purchaser claims that he possessed sound judgment, but evidence establishes his financial imprudence, the sale is to be ruled invalid. Allah knows best.

He was asked:

An emir conducts transactions with people and relies on his accounts. If an amount is overlooked and not recorded, does he remain liable for it, even though he has not established that he owes anything but relies on his agent’s ledger?

He replied:

Praise be to Allah.

If he has exercised due care in appointing his clerk, who is trustworthy, experienced, and diligent in safeguarding people’s funds, he bears no liability. For Allah does not burden any soul beyond its capacity. But if he has been negligent in appointing the clerk, employing someone dishonest or incapable, he is liable for whatever is lost of people’s entitlements through his negligence. Allah knows best.

قَدْ بَاعَ بِالْغَبْنِ الْفَاحِشِ. فَإِنْ ادَّعَى الْمُشْتَرِي أَنَّهُ كَانَ رَشِيدًا وَقَامَتْ الْبَيِّنَةُ بِسَفَهِهِ حُكِمَ بِبُطْلَانِ الْبَيْعِ. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ أَمِيرٍ يُعَامِلُ النَّاسَ وَيَتَّكِلُ عَلَى حِسَابِهِ. فَهَلْ إذَا أَهْمَلَ وَلَمْ يَكْتُبْهُ يَكُونُ فِي ذِمَّتِهِ؟ وَأَنَّ الْأَمِيرَ لَمْ يَتَحَقَّقْ أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذِمَّتِهِ شَيْئًا؛ لَكِنْ يَتَّكِلُ عَلَى دَفْتَرِ الْعَامِلِ؟ فَأَجَابَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ، إنْ كَانَ قَدْ اجْتَهَدَ فِي اسْتِعْمَالِ ذَلِكَ وَلَهُ كَاتِبٌ وَهُوَ ثِقَةٌ خَبِيرٌ يَجْتَهِدُ فِي حِفْظِ أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ: لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي ذِمَّتِهِ شَيْءٌ. فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُكَلِّفُ نَفْسًا إلَّا وُسْعَهَا. وَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ فَرَّطَ فِي اسْتِعْمَالِ الْكَاتِبِ؛ بِأَنْ يَكُونَ خَائِنًا أَوْ عَاجِزًا: كَانَ عَلَيْهِ دَرْكٌ بِمَا ذَهَبَ مِنْ حُقُوقِ النَّاسِ بِتَفْرِيطِهِ. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.

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