there are two well-known views, both reported from Ahmad.

If the journey is dangerous, as in jihad, they may prevent him from going if it has become personally obligatory for him. If the creditors are able to recover what they are owed, they may let him go, according to the majority of scholars, including Mālik, al-Shāfiʿī and Ahmad. Abū Hanīfa, however, is reported to have held that they may remain constantly at his side. This concerns his remaining in place; if the insolvent debtor wishes to … (1), there is disagreement on the matter. And Allah knows best.

He was asked:

A man owes a debt and has lost his wealth. He has upright witnesses who testify to that loss, but they do not know whether he has acquired any wealth since then. Is his statement that he is insolvent to be accepted upon his oath, or must he produce evidence?

He replied:

If he says, “I have acquired nothing since losing my wealth,” his statement on this matter is accepted upon his oath, according to the schools of al-Shāfiʿī, Ahmad and others. And Allah knows best.