in agreement with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?
Indeed, most of the knowledge and faith possessed by the early generations came from their Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, through whom Allah brought them out of darkness into the light and guided them to the path of the Almighty, the Praiseworthy. Concerning him, Allah said:
“It is He who sends down clear verses upon His servant to bring you out of darkness into the light.”
And He Most High said:
“O you who believe, fear Allah and believe in His Messenger. He will grant you a double portion of His mercy, provide you with a light by which to walk, and forgive you. Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”
“So that the People of the Book may know that they have no power over any of Allah’s bounty.”
And He Most High said:
“Allah has certainly bestowed a favor upon the believers by sending among them a Messenger from among themselves, reciting His verses to them, purifying them, and teaching them the Book and wisdom, although before that they were clearly astray.”
And He Most High said:
“And thus We have revealed to you a spirit by Our command. You did not know what the Book was, nor what faith was, but We have made it a light by which We guide whom We will of Our servants. Indeed, you guide to a straight path.”
“The path of Allah, to whom belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on earth.”
Abū Muhammad and others like him have followed the path of the heretics who say that the Messenger did not explain the truth concerning monotheism, nor explain to people how things truly are. Rather, he presented to people the opposite of the truth; as for the truth itself, he either concealed it or did not know it.
For these heretics among the philosophers, and those who follow their path in opposing what the Messenger brought concerning matters of knowledge—such as monotheism, the Hereafter, and the like—say that the Messenger perfected practical matters relating to ethics and to household and civic governance