Majmu' al-Fatawa - Ibn Taimiya - (29/495)

Chapter on Salam (Advance-Payment Sales)

Shaykh al-Islām—may Allah sanctify his soul—was asked:

Is a salam contract for olives permissible?

He replied:

Salam contracts for olives and similar commodities sold by measure or weight are permissible. I know of no disagreement among the imams concerning this. The disagreement concerns salam contracts for things not sold by measure or weight, such as animals and the like. Two positions are reported from Ahmad on this matter. The better-known position permits it, which is also the view of Mālik and al-Shāfiʿī. The second prohibits it, agreeing with the view of Abū Hanīfa.

He was also asked:

A man has wheat worth eighteen dirhams by weight. He sold it for twenty-five dirhams, with payment deferred. Is this permissible? And are salam contracts for grain lawful or unlawful?

He replied:

Advance-payment sales are permissible by consensus, as the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said:

“Whoever pays in advance must do so for a specified measure and a specified weight

بَابُ السَّلَمِ سُئِلَ شَيْخُ الْإِسْلَامِ - قَدَّسَ اللَّهُ رُوحَهُ -: عَنْ السَّلَمِ فِي الزَّيْتُونِ هَلْ يَجُوزُ؟ فَأَجَابَ: وَأَمَّا السَّلَمُ فِي الزَّيْتُونِ وَأَمْثَالِهِ مِنْ الْمَكِيلَاتِ وَالْمَوْزُونَاتِ فَيَجُوزُ وَمَا عَلِمْت بَيْنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ فِي ذَلِكَ نِزَاعًا وَلَكِنَّ النِّزَاعَ فِيمَا إذَا أَسْلَمَ فِي غَيْرِ الْمَكِيل وَالْمَوْزُونِ كَالْحَيَوَانِ وَنَحْوِهِ. وَفِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَد رِوَايَتَانِ أَشْهَرُهُمَا جَوَازُ ذَلِكَ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَالِكٍ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ. وَالثَّانِيَةُ لَا يَجُوزُ كَقَوْلِ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ. وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ عِنْدَهُ قَمْحٌ قِيمَتُهُ وَزْنُ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ دِرْهَمًا. بَاعَهُ إلَى أَجَلٍ بِخَمْسَةِ وَعِشْرِينَ هَلْ يَجُوزُ؟ وَالسَّلَمُ فِي الْغَلَّةِ حَلَالٌ أَمْ حَرَامٌ؟ فَأَجَابَ: أَمَّا السَّلَفُ فَإِنَّهُ جَائِزٌ بِالْإِجْمَاعِ. كَمَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ {مَنْ أَسْلَفَ فَلْيُسْلِفْ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ