Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

He was asked:

Neither party to the sale knew of any defect in an animal. It remained with the purchaser for about a month, after which he discovered a defect in it. What is the ruling?

He replied:

Praise be to Allah. If a defect is discovered that existed before the sale and of which the purchaser was unaware, he may return the animal on account of that defect, provided he has done nothing indicating his acceptance of it.

He was asked:

A man sold some wheat, which the purchaser sowed, but it perished. The purchaser then demanded that the seller pay the land tax. Is the seller obliged to do so? Is the purchaser entitled to demand this from him? What if the purchaser claims that the defect was present while the wheat was with the seller?

He replied:

If he sold it and delivered it to the purchaser, and it subsequently perished while in the purchaser’s possession, or the purchaser sowed it and it perished, the seller bears no liability. Rather, he is entitled to the full price, unless there was a defect, deception, or something similar.

وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ دَابَّةٍ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَحَدٌ الْمُتَبَايِعَيْنِ بِهَا عَيْبًا فَمَكَثَتْ عِنْدَهُ مِقْدَارَ شَهْرٍ ثُمَّ وَجَدَ بِهَا عَيْبًا؟ . فَأَجَابَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ، إذَا ظَهَرَ بِهَا عَيْبٌ قَدِيمٌ قَبْلَ الْبَيْعِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ عَلِمَ بِهِ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّهَا بِذَلِكَ الْعَيْبِ؛ مَا لَمْ يَظْهَرْ مِنْهُ مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى الرِّضَا بِهِ. وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ بَاعَ قَمْحًا فَبَذَرَهُ فَتَلِفَ فَطَلَبَ الْمُشْتَرِي مِنْ الْبَائِعِ خَرَاجَ الْأَرْضِ. فَهَلْ يَجِبُ عَلَى الْبَائِعِ ذَلِكَ؟ وَهَلْ لِلْمُشْتَرِي أَنْ يُطَالِبَهُ بِذَلِكَ؟ وَإِذَا ادَّعَى الْمُشْتَرِي أَنَّ الْعَيْبَ كَانَ مِنْ الْبَائِعِ؟ . فَأَجَابَ: إذَا بَاعَهُ وَسَلَّمَ إلَيْهِ الْمَبِيعَ ثُمَّ تَلِفَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ عِنْدَ الْمُشْتَرِي أَوْ بَذَرَهُ الْمُشْتَرِي فَتَلِفَ: فَلَا ضَمَانَ عَلَى الْبَائِعِ بَلْ يَسْتَحِقُّ جَمِيعَ الثَّمَنِ إلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ بِهِ عَيْبٌ أَوْ تَدْلِيسٌ وَنَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.

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