Majmu' al-Fatawa - Ibn Taimiya - (29/237)

He was asked—may Allah have mercy on him:

Is it permissible to purchase jifān for extracting oil, for fuel, or for both?

He replied:

Selling the oil is permissible even if the quantity obtainable is unknown, just as it is permissible to sell cottonseed, olives, and similar materials from which oil is extracted, as well as other goods sold by estimate without exact measurement. This applies whether it is purchased for extracting oil or for fuel. However, the person operating the press must not cheat his customer. If it has been stipulated that the jafna is to serve as payment to the owner of the press, and the person operating it has colluded with him to leave some oil in it for him, this constitutes unlawful deception, and purchasing it for its oil is unlawful.

He was asked:

A man rents a shop for twenty-five a month and has equipment and merchandise in it. Someone comes to him and says: “I will rent this shop for forty-five, use the equipment, and buy and sell the merchandise.” Is this permissible or not?

He replied:

This combines a sale and a lease, which is permissible according to the stronger of the two scholarly opinions. Allah knows best.

وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: عَنْ شِرَاءِ الْجِفَانِ؛ لِعَصِيرِ الزَّيْتِ أَوْ لِلْوَقِيدِ أَوْ لَهُمَا؟ فَأَجَابَ: بَيْعُ الزَّيْتِ جَائِزٌ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُعْلَمْ مِقْدَارُ زَيْتِهِ كَمَا يَجُوزُ بَيْعُ حَبِّ الْقُطْنِ وَالزَّيْتُونِ وَنَحْوِهِمَا مِنْ الْمُنْعَصِرَاتِ وَالْمَبِيعَاتِ مُجَازَفَةً وَسَوَاءٌ اشْتَرَاهُ لِلْعَصِيرِ أَوْ لِلْوَقِيدِ؛ لَكِنْ لَا يَجُوزُ لِلْعَاصِرِ أَنْ يَغُشَّ صَاحِبَهُ. وَإِذَا كَانَ قَدْ اشْتَرَطَ أَنْ تَكُونَ الْجَفْنَةُ أُجْرَةً لِرَبِّ الْمَعْصَرَةِ بِحَيْثُ قَدْ وَاطَأَ عَلَيْهِ الْعَاصِرُ عَلَى أَنْ يُبْقِيَ فِيهَا زَيْتًا لَهُ كَانَ هَذَا غِشًّا حَرَامًا وَحَرُمَ شِرَاؤُهُ لِلزَّيْتِ. وَسُئِلَ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَهُ دُكَّانٌ مُسْتَأْجَرَةٌ بِخَمْسَةِ وَعِشْرِينَ كُلَّ شَهْرٍ وَلَهُ فِيهَا عِدَّةٌ وَقُمَاشٌ فَجَاءَ إنْسَانٌ فَقَالَ: أَنَا أَسْتَأْجِرُ هَذِهِ الدُّكَّانَ بِخَمْسَةِ وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَأَقْعُدُ بِالْعِدَّةِ وَالْقُمَاشُ أَبِيعُ فِيهِ وَأَشْتَرِي. فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ أَمْ لَا؟ فَأَجَابَ: هَذَا قَدْ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ بَيْعٍ وَإِجَارَةٍ مَعًا وَذَلِكَ جَائِزٌ فِي أَظْهَرِ قَوْلَيْ الْعُلَمَاءِ. وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.