Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

Thus, the Companions knew what the Messenger had brought. What he brought contained a demonstration of the falsity of every unbeliever’s disbelief, establishing this through sound reasoning that was more valid and clearer in its exposition than those unbelievers’ arguments. As Allah Most High says:

“And they do not come to you with an argument except that We bring you the truth and the best explanation.”

He, glorified be He, informs us that whenever the unbelievers present the Messenger with a rational argument supporting their falsehood, Allah brings him the truth, together with explanations, evidence, and examples that explain, reveal, and clarify the truth better than their reasoning does. Every judgment or argument advanced by the Sabians, the would-be philosophers, and other unbelievers falls within the scope of what the Companions knew.

Allah Most High mentions this verse after His words:

“And the Messenger said, ‘My Lord, indeed my people have abandoned this Quran.’”

“And thus We have appointed for every prophet an enemy from among the criminals. But sufficient is your Lord as a guide and a helper.”

He thus makes clear that whoever abandons the Quran is among the Messenger’s enemies, and that this enmity is inevitable and inescapable. Do you not consider His words, Most High:

“And on the Day the wrongdoer bites his hands, he will say, ‘Oh, I wish I had taken a path with the Messenger!

“‘Woe to me! I wish I had not taken so-and-so as a close friend!

“‘He led me away from the Reminder after it had come to me.’ And Satan always forsakes man.”

Allah Most High sent His Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to all the worlds, and set forth examples for them all in the message with which He sent him. As He Most High says:

“And We have certainly set forth for people in this Quran every kind of example, so that they may take heed.”

He thus informs us that He has set forth every kind of example in this Quran for all people.

فَالصَّحَابَةُ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ الرَّسُولُ. وَفِيمَا جَاءَ بِهِ بَيَانُ الْحُجَّةِ عَلَى بُطْلَانِ كُفْرِ كُلِّ كَافِرٍ وَبَيَانُ ذَلِكَ بِقِيَاسِ صَحِيحٍ أَحَقُّ وَأَحْسَنُ بَيَانًا مِنْ مَقَايِيسِ أُولَئِكَ الْكُفَّارِ؛ كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَلَا يَأْتُونَكَ بِمَثَلٍ إلَّا جِئْنَاكَ بِالْحَقِّ وَأَحْسَنَ تَفْسِيرًا} أَخْبَرَ سُبْحَانَهُ أَنَّ الْكُفَّارَ لَا يَأْتُونَهُ بِقِيَاسِ عَقْلِيٍّ لِبَاطِلِهِمْ إلَّا جَاءَهُ اللَّهُ بِالْحَقِّ وَجَاءَهُ مِنْ الْبَيَانِ وَالدَّلِيلِ وَضَرْبِ الْمَثَلِ بِمَا هُوَ أَحْسَنُ تَفْسِيرًا وَكَشْفًا وَإِيضَاحًا لِلْحَقِّ مِنْ قِيَاسِهِمْ. وَجَمِيعُ مَا تَقُولُهُ الصَّابِئَةُ والمتفلسفة وَغَيْرُهُمْ مِنْ الْكُفَّارِ - مِنْ حُكْمٍ أَوْ دَلِيلٍ - يَنْدَرِجُ فِيمَا عَلِمَهُ الصَّحَابَةُ. وَهَذِهِ الْآيَةُ ذَكَرَهَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى بَعْدَ قَوْلِهِ: {وَقَالَ الرَّسُولُ يَا رَبِّ إنَّ قَوْمِي اتَّخَذُوا هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ مَهْجُورًا} {وَكَذَلِكَ جَعَلْنَا لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ عَدُوًّا مِنَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ وَكَفَى بِرَبِّكَ هَادِيًا وَنَصِيرًا} فَبَيَّنَ أَنَّ مَنْ هَجَرَ الْقُرْآنَ فَهُوَ مِنْ أَعْدَاءِ الرَّسُولِ وَأَنَّ هَذِهِ الْعَدَاوَةَ أَمْرٌ لَا بُدَّ مِنْهُ وَلَا مَفَرَّ عَنْهُ أَلَا تَرَى إلَى قَوْله تَعَالَى {وَيَوْمَ يَعَضُّ الظَّالِمُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ يَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي اتَّخَذْتُ مَعَ الرَّسُولِ سَبِيلًا} {يَا وَيْلَتَى لَيْتَنِي لَمْ أَتَّخِذْ فُلَانًا خَلِيلًا} {لَقَدْ أَضَلَّنِي عَنِ الذِّكْرِ بَعْدَ إذْ جَاءَنِي وَكَانَ الشَّيْطَانُ لِلْإِنْسَانِ خَذُولًا} . وَاَللَّهُ تَعَالَى قَدْ أَرْسَلَ نَبِيَّهُ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إلَى جَمِيعِ الْعَالَمِينَ وَضَرَبَ الْأَمْثَالَ فِيمَا أَرْسَلَهُ بِهِ لِجَمِيعِهِمْ كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَلَقَدْ ضَرَبْنَا لِلنَّاسِ فِي هَذَا الْقُرْآنِ مِنْ كُلِّ مَثَلٍ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ} فَأَخْبَرَ أَنَّهُ ضَرَبَ لِجَمِيعِ النَّاسِ فِي هَذَا الْقُرْآنِ مِنْ كُلِّ مَثَلٍ.

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