and keeping their women alive. Indeed, he was one of the corrupters.”
This unbeliever likewise exalted himself in the land, oppressing the adherents of all faiths—Muslims, Jews, Christians, and those polytheists who opposed him—by killing the men, taking the women captive, seizing wealth, and destroying crops and offspring. Allah does not love corruption. He turns people away from the ways of the prophets and messengers that they had followed until they embrace the pagan way and unbelieving law he devised.
Thus, they profess Islam while exalting the religion of those unbelievers above the religion of the Muslims. Their obedience and allegiance to them far exceed their obedience to Allah and His Messenger and their allegiance to the believers. Disputes among their leading men are adjudicated according to the judgment of pagan ignorance, not the judgment of Allah and His Messenger.
Likewise, their senior ministers and other leading figures place Islam on a par with Judaism and Christianity, holding that all these are paths to Allah, comparable to the four schools of law among the Muslims. Some prefer Judaism or Christianity, while others prefer Islam. This view is widespread and predominant among them, even among their jurists and worshippers, particularly the Jahmiyyah among the Pharaonic monists and others like them, for philosophy has come to dominate their thinking. This is the doctrine of many, or most, of those who engage in philosophy, and it is also held by