nor may he worship Allah through innovations that contravene religious law—even if he thinks they serve that purpose.

For devils may help a person achieve some of his aims when he associates partners with Allah, and some of a person’s aims may be achieved through disbelief, wickedness, and disobedience. Yet this is not lawful for him, because the resulting harm is greater than the resulting benefit. The Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was sent to secure and perfect benefits, and to eliminate and reduce harms. Thus, in whatever Allah commands, the benefit predominates; and in whatever He forbids, the harm predominates.

These points require more detailed explanation than this sheet can accommodate. Allah knows best.