—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—everything that clouds the mind and intoxicates, using the concise, comprehensive speech he had been granted. He made no distinction between one kind and another. Whether a substance is eaten or drunk makes no difference. Indeed, wine is sometimes used as a condiment, while hashish may be dissolved in water and drunk. Thus every kind of wine can be drunk or eaten, and hashish can be eaten or drunk; all of this is forbidden. The earlier scholars did not discuss hashish specifically only because eating it became a practice relatively recently, towards the end of the sixth century AH or thereabouts. Likewise, intoxicating drinks were introduced after the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and all fall within the comprehensive statements of the Quran and Sunnah.

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Among the prescribed punishments established by the Quran and Sunnah, and unanimously agreed upon by the Muslims, is the punishment for accusations of unlawful sexual intercourse. If a man accuses a muhsan of unlawful sexual intercourse or sodomy, he incurs the prescribed punishment of eighty lashes. Here, muhsan means a free, chaste person; in the discussion of the prescribed punishment for unlawful sexual intercourse, it means someone who has had full sexual intercourse within a fully valid marriage.