a draught greater than a draught of forbearance when angry and a draught of patience when calamity strikes.” This is because the foundation of both is patiently enduring what causes pain. The truly courageous and strong person is the one who patiently endures pain. If the cause of pain can be repelled, it arouses anger; if it cannot be repelled, it arouses sorrow. Thus, the face reddens in anger because the blood surges when one feels capable, whereas it grows pale in sorrow because the blood recedes when one feels helpless.

This is why the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, brought the two together in the authentic hadith narrated by Muslim from Ibn Mas‘ūd, who said:

The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “Whom do you consider childless among you?”

They replied, “Someone to whom no child is born.”

He said, “That is not the truly childless man. Rather, the childless man is one none of whose children has preceded him in death.”

Then he said, “Whom do you consider a champion wrestler among you?”

We replied, “Someone whom other men cannot throw down.”

He said, “That is not so. Rather, the champion wrestler is the one who controls himself when angry.”

He thus mentioned what entails patience in calamity and patience in anger. Allah Most High says concerning calamity:

“And give glad tidings to the patient, who, when calamity strikes them, say, ‘Indeed, we belong to Allah, and indeed, to Him we shall return’”—the verse.

And He, Most High, says concerning anger:

“But none is granted this except those who are patient, and none is granted it except one blessed with great good fortune.”

This pairing of patience in calamity with patience in anger parallels the pairing of patience in times of blessing with patience in calamity, as in His words, Most High:

“And if We give man a taste of mercy from Us and then withdraw it