such as unlawful sexual intercourse, drinking wine, and the like?

When someone claims exclusive enjoyment of these things, there are two grounds for hating them. The first is the exclusivity and injustice involved, just as with things that are permissible in kind. The second is the violation of Allah’s right involved.

Thus, sins fall into three categories:

The first involves wronging people, such as unlawfully taking their property, withholding their rights, envy, and the like.

The second involves wronging people alone, such as drinking wine and unlawful sexual intercourse, when their harm does not extend to others.

The third combines both: for example, when someone in authority takes people’s wealth and uses it to engage in unlawful sexual intercourse and drink wine; or when he has unlawful sexual intercourse with someone whom he consequently elevates above other people, harming them—as happens with those who are enamoured of certain women and boys.

Allah Most High has said:

“Say, ‘My Lord has only forbidden shameful deeds, whether open or secret, sin, unjust aggression, associating with Allah that for which He has sent down no authority, and saying about Allah what you do not know.’”