needed these facilities, he would not be permitted to do so and would be required to make them available at the customary rate. Likewise, someone who buys wheat and mills it for trade, or buys flour and bakes it for trade, is obliged to supply what people need from him. Indeed, requiring him to sell it at the fair market price is all the more appropriate and warranted. If he refuses to bake or mill, thereby causing people harm, he must be compelled to do so, as explained earlier. If their producing enough for everyone would meet people’s needs, allowing purchases to be made at the customary price, there is no need to set prices. But if people’s needs cannot be met except through fair price-setting, fair prices must be set for them, with neither undervaluation nor excess.
Section
As for fraud and deception in “religious matters,” these include innovations in speech and action that contradict the Quran, the Sunnah, and the consensus of the early generations of the Ummah, such as publicly engaging in whistling and clapping in Muslim mosques.
They also include reviling the general body of the Companions and of Muslims, or reviling the Muslims’ imams, shaykhs, and rulers who are widely known throughout the Ummah for their goodness; denying the hadiths of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, which the scholars have accepted; transmitting fabricated hadiths falsely attributed to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace; and going to extremes in religion