and barred from doing so, and imprisoned if he did not cease issuing such fatwas, because this contradicts the Sunnah and consensus. How much more so, then, if a judge says this and compels people to abide by it! He is all the more deserving of being restrained and punished for this, like the proponents of religious innovations—the Khawārij, the Rāfidah, and others—and those who introduce an innovation, impose it on people, show hostility towards anyone who disagrees with them about it, and consider it lawful to punish him.

Innovations involving associating partners with Allah, taking graves as idols, making pilgrimages to them, and calling upon and worshipping others besides Allah are among the innovations of the Khawārij and the Rāfidah.

Allah knows best. All praise belongs to Allah alone. May Allah bless Muhammad, his family, and his Companions, and grant them peace.