Majmu' al-Fatawa - Ibn Taimiya - (27/150)

as He says:

“He has ordained for you the religion He enjoined upon Noah, and that which We have revealed to you, and what We enjoined upon Abraham, Moses, and Jesus: uphold the religion and do not be divided within it. What you call the polytheists to is intolerable to them.”

What varies within this religion is the law and the prescribed way, as He says:

“For each of you We have appointed a law and a way.”

Likewise, the law prescribed for a single messenger may vary. In the early days of Islam, Allah commanded Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to pray facing Jerusalem. Then, in the second year after the Hijrah, He commanded him to pray facing the Kaaba, the Sacred House. This, in its own time, was part of the religion of Islam. Likewise, the law of the Torah, in its time, was part of the religion of Islam, and the law of the Gospel, in its time, was part of the religion of Islam.

Whoever believed in the Torah but then rejected the Gospel departed from the religion of Islam and became a disbeliever. Likewise, whoever believed in the two earlier scriptures but rejected the Quran was a disbeliever outside the religion of Islam. For the religion of Islam entails belief in all the scriptures and all the messengers, as the Most High says:

“Say, ‘We believe in Allah and what has been revealed to us, and what was revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and what was given to Moses and Jesus, and what was given to the prophets by their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and to Him we submit.’” (The verse.)

كَمَا قَالَ: {شَرَعَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الدِّينِ مَا وَصَّى بِهِ نُوحًا وَالَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إلَيْكَ وَمَا وَصَّيْنَا بِهِ إبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُوسَى وَعِيسَى أَنْ أَقِيمُوا الدِّينَ وَلَا تَتَفَرَّقُوا فِيهِ كَبُرَ عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ مَا تَدْعُوهُمْ إلَيْهِ} وَإِنَّمَا يَتَنَوَّعُ فِي هَذَا الدِّينِ الشِّرْعَةُ وَالْمِنْهَاجُ كَمَا قَالَ: {لِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مِنْكُمْ شِرْعَةً وَمِنْهَاجًا} كَمَا تَتَنَوَّعُ شَرِيعَةُ الرَّسُولِ الْوَاحِدِ. فَقَدْ كَانَ اللَّهُ أَمَرَ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي أَوَّلِ الْإِسْلَامِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ إلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فِي السَّنَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ مِنْ الْهِجْرَةِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ إلَى الْكَعْبَةِ الْبَيْتِ الْحَرَامِ وَهَذَا فِي وَقْتِهِ كَانَ مِنْ دِينِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَكَذَلِكَ شَرِيعَةُ التَّوْرَاةِ فِي وَقْتِهَا كَانَتْ مِنْ دِينِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَشَرِيعَةُ الْإِنْجِيلِ فِي وَقْتِهِ كَانَتْ مِنْ دِينِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَمَنْ آمَنَ بِالتَّوْرَاةِ ثُمَّ كَذَّبَ بِالْإِنْجِيلِ خَرَجَ مِنْ دِينِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَكَانَ كَافِرًا وَكَذَلِكَ مَنْ آمَنَ بِالْكِتَابَيْنِ الْمُتَقَدِّمَيْنِ وَكَذَّبَ بِالْقُرْآنِ كَانَ كَافِرًا خَارِجًا مِنْ دِينِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَإِنَّ دِينَ الْإِسْلَامِ يَتَضَمَّنُ الْإِيمَانَ بِجَمِيعِ الْكُتُبِ وَجَمِيعِ الرُّسُلِ كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: {قُولُوا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ إلَيْنَا وَمَا أُنْزِلَ إلَى إبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ وَالْأَسْبَاطِ وَمَا أُوتِيَ مُوسَى وَعِيسَى وَمَا أُوتِيَ النَّبِيُّونَ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ وَنَحْنُ لَهُ مُسْلِمُونَ} الْآيَةُ.