Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

‘Abd Allāh ibn ibn ‘Umar al-‘Umarī, who is a weak narrator. There is no established hadith whatsoever from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, concerning visiting his grave or the grave of Abraham, Allah’s intimate friend. Rather, the scholars relied only on the hadiths concerning greeting him with peace and sending blessings upon him, such as his saying, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:

“No man greets me with peace without Allah returning my soul to me so that I may return his greeting.”

This was narrated by Abū Dāwūd and others. And his saying, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:

“Allah has appointed angels at my grave to convey to me the greetings of peace from my community.”

This was narrated by al-Nasā’ī. And his saying, may Allah bless him and grant him peace:

“Send abundant blessings upon me on Friday and Friday eve, for your blessings are presented to me.” They asked, “How will our blessings be presented to you when you have decayed?” He replied, “Allah has forbidden the earth to consume the flesh of the prophets.”

This was narrated by Abū Dāwūd and others.

Mālik disapproved of a man saying, “I visited the grave of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.” They explained that, in common usage, the word “visiting” had come to encompass prohibited practices. Visiting graves takes two forms: one prescribed by the Sharia and the other an innovation.

The purpose of “the prescribed visit” is to greet the deceased with peace and supplicate for him, whether he is a prophet or not. Thus, when the Companions visited the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, they would greet him with peace, supplicate for him, and then leave. None of them would stand at his grave to supplicate for himself. For this reason, Mālik and others disapproved of this and said that it was among the newly introduced religious innovations.

For this reason, the jurists said:

“When a Muslim greets him with peace

عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْعُمَرِيِّ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ وَلَيْسَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي زِيَارَةِ قَبْرِهِ وَلَا قَبْرِ الْخَلِيلِ حَدِيثٌ ثَابِتٌ أَصْلًا؛ بَلْ إنَّمَا اعْتَمَدَ الْعُلَمَاءُ عَلَى أَحَادِيثِ السَّلَامِ وَالصَّلَاةِ عَلَيْهِ كَقَوْلِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ {مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيَّ إلَّا رَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ رُوحِي حَتَّى أَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ} رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد وَغَيْرُهُ وَقَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ {إنَّ اللَّهَ وَكَّلَ بِقَبْرِي مَلَائِكَةً يُبَلِّغُونِي عَنْ أُمَّتِي السَّلَامَ} رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِي وَقَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ {أَكْثِرُوا عَلَيَّ مِنْ الصَّلَاةِ يَوْمَ الْجُمْعَةِ وَلَيْلَةَ الْجُمْعَةِ: فَإِنَّ صَلَاتَكُمْ مَعْرُوضَةٌ عَلَيَّ قَالُوا: كَيْفَ تُعْرَضُ صَلَاتُنَا عَلَيْك وَقَدْ أَرَمْت؟ فَقَالَ إنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ أَنْ تَأْكُلَ لُحُومَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ} رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد وَغَيْرُهُ. وَقَدْ كَرِهَ مَالِكٌ أَنْ يَقُولَ الرَّجُلَ: زُرْت قَبْرَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. قَالُوا: لِأَنَّ لَفْظَ الزِّيَارَةِ قَدْ صَارَتْ فِي عُرْفِ النَّاسِ تَتَضَمَّنُ مَا نُهِيَ عَنْهُ فَإِنَّ زِيَارَةَ الْقُبُورِ عَلَى وَجْهَيْنِ: وَجْهٌ شَرْعِيٌّ وَوَجْهٌ بِدْعِيٌّ. " فَالزِّيَارَةُ الشَّرْعِيَّةُ " مَقْصُودُهَا السَّلَامُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ وَالدُّعَاءُ لَهُ سَوَاءٌ كَانَ نَبِيًّا أَوْ غَيْرَ نَبِيٍّ. وَلِهَذَا كَانَ الصَّحَابَةُ إذَا زَارُوا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُسَلِّمُونَ عَلَيْهِ وَيَدْعُونَ لَهُ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُونَ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ يَقِفُ عِنْدَ قَبْرِهِ لِيَدْعُوَ لِنَفْسِهِ؛ وَلِهَذَا كَرِهَ مَالِكٌ وَغَيْرُهُ ذَلِكَ وَقَالُوا: إنَّهُ مِنْ الْبِدَعِ الْمُحْدَثَةِ. وَلِهَذَا قَالَ الْفُقَهَاءُ: إذَا سَلَّمَ الْمُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ

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