Majmu' al-Fatawa - Ibn Taimiya - (26/295)

Majmu' al-FatawaIbn Taimiya

and the Successors that they abandoned following his Sunnah and that none of them sought to do so, until this practice arose after their time. Since they did not perform Umrah from Mecca, it is clear that this is not what the hadith means. Rather, it means the Umrah they knew and practised: the Umrah performed by someone arriving in Mecca.

This is illustrated by the fact that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not instruct Ā’ishah to perform Umrah from the nearest point outside the Sacred Precinct, although this would have constituted performing Hajj and Umrah in succession if an Umrah from Mecca were intended. When she requested this of him, he instructed her to be content with what she had already done, saying:

“Your circumambulation of the House and your passage between al-Safā and al-Marwah suffice for your Hajj and Umrah.”

When she pressed him and persisted in her request, he permitted her to do so. Had this been something he had commanded, he would not initially have instructed her to forgo it and be content with less, when she was seeking something everyone desired.

In the two Sahīhs, the Sunan of Abū Dāwūd and al-Nasā’ī, and other collections, it is related from Ā’ishah that she said:

“We set out with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for the Farewell Hajj and entered ihram for Umrah. Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘Whoever has a sacrificial animal with him should enter ihram for Hajj together with Umrah, and should not leave ihram until he has completed both.’ I then arrived in Mecca while menstruating, so I did not circumambulate the House or pass between al-Safā and al-Marwah. I complained to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he said, ‘Unbraid your hair, comb it, enter ihram for Hajj, and leave Umrah.’ She did so. When we had completed Hajj, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent me with Abd al-Rahmān ibn Abī Bakr to al-Tan‘īm, and I performed Umrah. He then said:

وَالتَّابِعِينَ أَنَّهُمْ تَرَكُوا اتِّبَاعَ سُنَّتِهِ وَمَا رَغِبُوا فِيهِ كُلُّهُمْ حَتَّى حَدَثَ بَعْدَهُمْ مِنْ فِعْلِ ذَلِكَ وَإِذَا كَانُوا لَا يَعْتَمِرُونَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ عُلِمَ أَنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ مَقْصُودَ الْحَدِيثِ؛ وَلَكِنَّ الْمُرَادَ بِهِ الْعُمْرَةُ الَّتِي كَانُوا يَعْرِفُونَهَا وَيَفْعَلُونَهَا وَهِيَ عُمْرَةُ الْقَادِمِ. يُبَيِّنُ هَذَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَأْمُرْ عَائِشَةَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ مِنْ أَدْنَى الْحِلِّ مَعَ أَنَّهَا مُتَابَعَةٌ بَيْنَ الْحَجِّ وَالْعُمْرَةِ وَلَوْ كَانَتْ الْمَكِّيَّةُ مُرَادَةً حِينَ طَلَبَتْ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ أَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَكْتَفِيَ بِمَا فَعَلَتْهُ وَقَالَ: " طَوَافُك بِالْبَيْتِ وَبَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ يَكْفِيك لِحَجِّك وَعُمْرَتِك " فَلَمَّا رَاجَعَتْهُ وَأَلَحَّتْ عَلَيْهِ أَذِنَ لَهَا فِي ذَلِكَ فَلَوْ كَانَ مِثْلُ هَذَا مِمَّا أَمَرَ بِهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَأْمُرُهَا ابْتِدَاءً بِتَرْكِ ذَلِكَ وَالِاكْتِفَاءِ بِمَا دُونَهُ وَهِيَ تَطْلُبُ مَا قَدْ رَغِبَ النَّاسُ فِيهِ كُلُّهُمْ. فَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ وَسُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُد وَالنَّسَائِي وَغَيْرِهِمَا {عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ فَأَهْلَلْنَا بِعُمْرَةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ هَدْيٌ فليهل بِالْحَجِّ مَعَ الْعُمْرَةِ ثُمَّ لَا يَحِلُّ حَتَّى يَحِلَّ مِنْهُمَا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ قَدِمْت مَكَّةَ وَأَنَا حَائِضٌ فَلَمْ أَطُفْ بِالْبَيْتِ وَلَا بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ فَشَكَوْت إلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: اُنْقُضِي رَأْسَك وَامْتَشِطِي وَأَهِلِّي بِالْحَجِّ وَدَعِي الْعُمْرَةَ فَفَعَلَتْ فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنَا الْحَجَّ أَرْسَلَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَعَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ إلَى التَّنْعِيمِ فَاعْتَمَرْت. فَقَالَ: