and had performed umrah during the months of Hajj. Anyone who performed umrah during the months of Hajj was also described as performing tamattu, because those who forbade tamattu prohibited umrah during the months of Hajj altogether.

This is supported by the report in the Sahīh that, when Sa‘d ibn Abī Waqqās learned that Mu‘āwiya had forbidden tamattu, he said:

“We performed it with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while this man was still an unbeliever in the dwellings of Mecca.”

He meant Mu‘āwiya. It is well known that Mu‘āwiya was a Muslim during the Farewell Pilgrimage—indeed, during the umrah from al-Ji‘rāna in the year of the conquest, or even earlier. During the compensatory umrah, however, he was still an unbeliever in the dwellings of Mecca. Thus, Sa‘d called the compensatory umrah tamattu. Perhaps ‘Uthmān meant their fear in the year of the compensatory umrah. They were also afraid in the year of the conquest. During the Farewell Pilgrimage, however, they were secure: no polytheist remained, for Allah had banished polytheism and its adherents.

Hence they said:

“We prayed two rak‘ahs with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when people were at their safest.”

Perhaps he confused their circumstances in one of these years with their circumstances in the other. A similar confusion affected the person who reported that he prohibited temporary marriage during the Farewell Pilgrimage, whereas the prohibition occurred during the campaign of the conquest. Likewise, some people suppose that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered the Kaaba during a Hajj or an umrah. In fact, he entered the Kaaba in the year of the conquest, when he conquered Mecca. No one said that he entered it during a Hajj or an umrah. Rather, in the two Sahīhs, Ismā‘īl ibn Abī Khālid said:

“I said to ‘Abd Allāh ibn Abī Awfā, one of the Prophet’s Companions,