Those who travel habitually may also refrain from fasting, provided they have a town to which they return. This includes merchants who bring in food and other goods; those who hire out their animals to such merchants and others; couriers who travel on the Muslims’ business; and others like them. The same applies to a sailor who has a home on land. However, someone whose wife and all his necessities are aboard his ship, and who is constantly traveling, may neither shorten his prayers nor refrain from fasting.

As for nomadic peoples—such as the nomads among the Arabs, Kurds, Turks, and others who spend the winter in one place and the summer in another—they may shorten their prayers while traveling from their winter quarters to their summer quarters, or from their summer quarters to their winter quarters. Once they settle in their winter or summer quarters, however, they may neither refrain from fasting nor shorten their prayers, even if they move about in search of pasture. Allah knows best.

He—may Allah have mercy on him—was asked:

“Which is better for someone traveling during Ramadan who experiences neither hunger, thirst, nor fatigue: to fast or to refrain from fasting?”