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He—may Allah have mercy on him—was asked:
“May someone who owes a debt take from his father’s zakat to repay it?”
He replied:
If a son owes a debt and lacks the means to repay it, he may take from his father’s zakat according to the stronger of the two views within the school of Ahmad and others.
If, however, he needs support for his living expenses and his father lacks the means to support him, there is disagreement. The stronger view is that he may take from his father’s zakat. But if his needs are already met by his father’s support, he has no need of his zakat. And Allah knows best.
وَسُئِلَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -:
هَلْ مَنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ زَكَاةِ أَبِيهِ لِقَضَاءِ. دَيْنِهِ؟ أَمْ لَا؟
فَأَجَابَ:
إذَا كَانَ عَلَى الْوَلَدِ دَيْنٌ وَلَا وَفَاءَ لَهُ جَازَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ زَكَاةِ أَبِيهِ؛ فِي أَظْهَرِ الْقَوْلَيْنِ فِي مَذْهَبِ أَحْمَد وَغَيْرِهِ.
وَأَمَّا إنْ كَانَ مُحْتَاجًا إلَى النَّفَقَةِ وَلَيْسَ لِأَبِيهِ مَا يُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِ فَفِيهِ نِزَاعٌ:
وَالْأَظْهَرُ أَنَّهُ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَخْذُ زَكَاةِ أَبِيهِ. وَأَمَّا إنْ كَانَ مُسْتَغْنِيًا بِنَفَقَةِ أَبِيهِ فَلَا حَاجَةَ بِهِ إلَى زَكَاتِهِ وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.