and its prescription is agreed upon, and because place and time come together on Eid al-Adhā. Eid al-Adhā is superior to Eid al-Fitr; hence, its acts of worship are sacrifice together with prayer, whereas those of Eid al-Fitr are charity together with prayer.

Sacrifice is superior to charity because it combines bodily and financial worship: slaughtering is both a bodily and a financial act of worship, whereas charity and giving gifts are financial acts of worship. Moreover, the charity given at Eid al-Fitr is an adjunct to fasting, for the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prescribed it to purify the fasting person from idle and obscene speech and to provide food for the poor. It is therefore prescribed to give it before the prayer, as Allah Most High says:

“He has certainly succeeded who purifies himself, remembers the name of his Lord and prays.”

Sacrifice, by contrast, is prescribed on the day itself as an independent act of worship. It is therefore prescribed after the prayer, as Allah Most High says:

“So pray to your Lord and sacrifice. Indeed, your enemy is the one cut off.”

The prayer offered by people in the towns corresponds to the pilgrims’ stoning of Jamrat al-ʿAqabah, and their slaughtering in the towns corresponds to the pilgrims’ slaughtering of their sacrificial animals. A hadith recorded in the Sunan collections states:

“The best of days in Allah’s sight is the Day of Sacrifice, followed by the Day of Rest.”

Another hadith recorded in the Sunan collections, which al-Tirmidhī graded authentic, states:

“The Day of ʿArafah, the Day of Sacrifice and the days of Minā are our festival, we people of Islam. They are days of eating, drinking and remembering Allah.”

Thus, the correct scholarly view is that people in the towns proclaim the takbīr from dawn on the Day of ʿArafah until the end of the days of Tashrīq, on the basis of this hadith and another hadith narrated by al-Dāraqutnī from Jābir, from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. It is also the consensus of the leading Companions. Allah knows best.